Physiology of Hypothyroidism Flashcards
• How does hypothyroidism affect growth in the young animal?
Growth retardation, smaller, shorter bones, delayed closure of physes
• How does hypothyroidism affect metabolic actions?
Reduced glucose and fat metabolism
• How does hypothyroidism affect the BMR?
Lower BMR to 50% of normal level, indirectly affects the respiratory system as reduced demand for oxygen and less carbon dioxide to be excreted
• What happens to your cardiovascular system during hypothyroidism?
Bradycardia
• How does hypothyroidism affect the central nervous system?
Mentally slower, lethargic and require more sleep
• How does hypothyroidism affect the gastrointestinal system?
Causes constipation (decrease in motility)
• Which hormone is the primary biological active hormone, and where it is mainly produced?
T3 is the primary biological, most T3 is produced by peripheral tissues
• What are the different types of hypothyroidism?
Primary – lack of functional thyroid tissue – lymphocytic thyroiditis is the most common cause
Secondary – impaired secretion of TSH from the pituitary
Tertiary – lack of TRH in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
• What are the common clinical signs of hypothyroidism?
Dullness, lethargy, exercise intolerance, obesity without history of polyphagia, cold intolerance
• What are the common dermatological signs?
Dry skin, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, lichenification, comedones
• What is myxoedema?
Tragic facial expression
• Why do neurological abnormalities occur?
From segmental demyelinization and slow nerve conduction
• What reproductive signs are seen in the female?
Infertility, shortened oestrus, prolonged oestrual bleeding, prolonged anoestrus
• What type of anaemia can be caused by hypothyroidism?
Normocytic, normochromic, non-regenerative anaemia
• What happens to the biochemistry profile?
Increased parameters of lipid metabolism & moderately increased hepatic enzymes
