Introduction to the Integumentary System

Question 1

• In the epidermis, what do the basal layer of ectodermal cells produce when they divide?

Answer 1

Periderm

Question 2

• What are keratinocytes?

Answer 2

Cells of the epithelium

Question 3

• What are melanocytes?

Answer 3

Ectodermal cells in basal layer of epidermis, hair & feather papillae

Question 4

• What cells differentiate to produce the collagen and elastic fibres of the dermis?

Answer 4

Mesenchymal mesodermal cells (also forms the hypodermis)

Question 5

• What are the two basic types of skin glands?

Answer 5

Sweat glands and sebaceous glands

Question 6

• How has the planum nasale adapted?

Answer 6

Prominent grooves in the thick epidermal layer, no hair follicles or glands

Question 7

• What are the dermal and epidermal components of the equine hoof?

Answer 7

Dermal – lamellar column, coronary column, limbic or perioplic corium, dermis of skin
Epidermal – epidermal lamellae, hoof wall with horn tubules, periople

Question 8

• What is the difference between avian and fish scales?

Answer 8

Avian scales – overlapping plates of heavily keratinised epidermis
Fish scales – over-lapping boney plates derived from dermis, covered with epidermis

Question 9

• What are the main functions of the integument?

Answer 9

Protection, production, sensory, storage, thermoregulation, communication