Physiology-Midterm Flashcards
Physiology
Study of function of the body
Set point
Normal level that is supposed to be in the body
Sensor
Detects if there is a change or not
Afferent pathway
Pathway from the sensor to the integrating center
Integrating center
Decides how to respond to change
Efferent pathway
Pathway from the integrating center to the effectors
Effectors
Does the change that the integrating center told
Homeostasis
Maintains constancy in the body
Negative feedback
Something has changed and want to bring it back to normal. Follows homeostasis
Positive feedback
A change has happened and the change is going to continue. Doesn’t follow homeostasis and if doesn’t stop, can lead to detrimental effects. Stops through negative feedback or termination
Neural communication
Fast, localized, and between neurons and neurons or neurons to cells. Have neurotransmitters
Chemical communication
Slow and not localized. Chemicals include hormones, messengers, and modulators. Hormones can either be a neurocrine or endocrine
Paracrine
Cell secretes a chemical that influences other cells around it
Autocrine
Cell secretes a chemical that acts on itself
Intracellular fluid
Makes up 40% of total body weight. All cells are put into one group because of their similar plasma compositions
Extracellular fluid
Makes up 20% of total body weight. Divided into interstitial, plasma, and transcellular fluid
Transcellular fluid
Found in the synovial joins, cerebrospinal fluid, inocular regions of the eye, peritoneal, and pericardial
Interstitial fluid
Fluid surrounding the cell
Plasma
Fluid portion of blood
Capillary wall
Divides the interstitial and plasma
Donnan effect
Proteins (negative charged) in the plasma attracts positive ions from the interstitial fluid, making the concentration of positive ions slightly higher in the plasma
Osmolarity
Molarity x #of particles
Molarity
Moles/L of solution
Osmosis
Diffusing of water through a semipermeable membrane