physiology lesson 4

Question 1

Impulses from receptors (olfactory) reach CNS via?

Answer 1

afferent fibers of trigeminal nerves

Question 2

What is something interesting about olfactory cilia

Answer 2

they are non motile

Question 3

For us to smell a particular odorant, it must be volatile what does that mean?

Answer 3

must be in gaseous form when it enters nasal cavity

Question 4

brifely explain the process of smelling something

Answer 4

1)oderant binds to receptor
2)receptor activates G protein
3)G protein activates adenylate cycalse
4) adenalyte cycalse converts ATP to cAMP
5)cAMP opens cation chanel allowing Na+ and Ca2+ influx/depolorization

Question 5

What do mitral cells do?

Answer 5

refine single, ampligy it then relay it

Question 6

How do the cilia of olfactory sensory neurons help these cells perform their function?

Answer 6

The cilia of these receptor cells increase the surface area for sensory receptors.

Question 7

Where are taste buds found?

Answer 7

papillae

Question 8

For a chemical to be tasted it must?

Answer 8

dissolve in saliva, diffuse into a taste pore, contact gustatory hairs

Question 9

What type of receptors does mouth contain?

Answer 9

contains thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and nociceptors

Question 10

What nerve transmits impulses from taste receptors in anterior two thirds of tongue

Answer 10

facial nerve

Question 11

The … branch services the posterior third and pharynx behind it

Answer 11

lingual branch

Question 12

Lingual branch is part of what nerve?

Answer 12

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 13

Taste impulses transmitted by what nerve

Answer 13

Vagus nerve

Question 14

The different afferent fibers (glossopharyngeal, facial nerve, vagus nerve) go where?

Answer 14

Solitary nucleus of the medulla GOES TO thalamus GOES TO gustotary cortex in insula

Question 15

What type of cell structure is the olfactory epithelium

Answer 15

pseudostratified epithelium

Question 16

What gives the supporting columnar cells a yellow brown pigment?

Answer 16

o lipofuscin

Question 17

Olfactory sensory neurons are replaced every what?

Answer 17

4-8 weeks

Question 18

Gustatory receptor cells are replaces every what?

Answer 18

week

Question 19

What is the function of basal epithelial cells?

Answer 19

stem cells- dividing and differentiating into new gustatory epithelial cells.

Question 20

What nerve services the posterior one third of tongue and pharynx behind it?

Answer 20

Glossopharyngeal nerve