Physiology I Exam III

Question 1

Mean cap pressure…yada yada yada. Total inward force?

Answer 1

28.0 mmHg

Question 2

Hypertonic fluid is added to the extracellular fluid, what is the effect after osmotic equilibrium?

Answer 2

Decrease in intracellular and increase in extracellular

Question 3

GFR is determined by the by the net filtration pressure and the glomerular capillary filtration coefficient. Which of the following factors has greatest effect on increasing GFR?

Answer 3

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure

Question 4

Which of the following variable DOES NOT determine glomerular hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 4

Bowman’s capsule colloid osmotic pressure

Question 5

Many actively transported solutes demonstrate a transport maximum. Which does NOT?

Answer 5

Sodium in proximal tubule

Question 6

The thin descending loop of Henle is highly permeable to

Answer 6

Water

Question 7

1,2,1 transporter found

Answer 7

Thick ascending limb of Henle

Question 8

Where is macula densa

Answer 8

DCT

Question 9

Aldosterone is an important regulator …. main target

Answer 9

Principal cells

Question 10

T/F Angiotensin most powerful sodium tetainer

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Where ADH levels are high, the lowest osmolality in the renal tubule would be found

Answer 11

DCT

Question 12

ADH secreted where

Answer 12

Post. Pit

Question 13

Forces that determine movement are Starling forces. Which move fluid inward at the arterial end of the capillary?

Answer 13

Plasma colloid osmotic pressure

Question 14

Small connecting nerves

Answer 14

Hering nerves

Question 15

T/F Because of Bainbridge reflex, an increase in atrial pressure causes stronger contraction but decreases heart rate

Answer 15

FALSE

Question 16

NOT result in vasoconstriction

Answer 16

Nitric oxide

Question 17

Release of ANP as result of atrial stretch would have effect

Answer 17

Increased GFR and decreased sodium ion reabsorption

Question 18

Characteristics of primary HTN would NOT include

Answer 18

Activation of renal-pressure natriuesis mechanism

Question 19

T/F The near infinite feedback gain principle is defined as the degree of pressure shift of the renal output curve for water and salt

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Built in mechanism that allows heart to pump amt of blood RA

Answer 20

Starling’s law

Question 21

Factors that cause a hypoeffective heart would NOT include

Answer 21

Hypertrophy of the heart

Question 22

Which of the following statements is/are correct.
I. During systole
II. During diastole

Answer 22

NEITHER are correct

Question 23

Primary controller of coronary artery blood flow is

Answer 23

Local muscle metabolism

Question 24

Which statement is correct:

I. Acute heart failure is likely to cause pulmonary edema

Answer 24

Only I.

Not systemic, not enough time

Question 25

T/F The second heart sound results from sudden closure of AV valves

Answer 25

FALSE

Question 26

NOT cause of neurogenic shock

Answer 26

Hemorrhage

Question 27

Approx how much calcium reabsorbed by kidney

Answer 27

Almost all of it

Question 28

An increase in this will decrease glomerular hydrostatic pressure?

Answer 28

Afferent arteriorlar pressure

Question 29

A decrease in sodium chloride conc causes macula densa to

Answer 29

Decrease resistance to blood in the afferent arterioles

Question 30

During depolarization, threshold is the voltage at which

Answer 30

The sodium ion current exceeds the potassium ion current

Question 31

In Stokes Adams, a rapid discharge of impulses and after variable period of time ends suddenly

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Van't Hoff's law allow one to calculate potential osmotic pressure of a solution. To correct for deviation, also use

Answer 32

Osmotic coefficient

Question 33

Hering-Breuer is triggered to respond to excessive stretching during excessive inspiration. T/F

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Which center is responsible for est ramp signal

Answer 34

Dorsal resp group

Question 35

A factor that affects the diffusion rate of a gas and that is characteristic of the gas itself is

Answer 35

Solubility of the gas

Question 36

Which of the following decreases H+ secretion and bicarbonate reabsorption?

Answer 36

Decrease in angiotensin II

Question 37

T/F Kidneys most powerful of 3 lines of defense

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Destruction 50-80% alveolar walls is

Answer 38

Emphysema

Question 39

Humidification of air in alveoli

Answer 39

Decreases the partial pressures of each of the other gasses

Question 40

% of CO2 carried in blood as bicarbonate?

Answer 40

70%

Question 41

"Switch-off" point of inspiratory ramp signal

Answer 41

Pneumotaxic

Question 42

Unlike CO2, O2 acts on this to control rate of respiration

Answer 42

Carotid body

Question 43

Alveolar collapse condition

Answer 43

Atelectasis

Question 44

Lack of surfactant, esp in newborn

Answer 44

Atelectasis

Question 45

Physiological dead space calculation is

Answer 45

bohr's

Question 46

Va/Q is zero under which conditions

Answer 46

Va = 0 | Perfusion > 0

Question 47

If arterial blood carries 19.4 and returning 14.4 the utilization coefficient is

Answer 47

25%

Question 48

The rate and depth of breathing is mainly controlled by

Answer 48

Pneumotaxic center

Question 49

T/F Kidneys produce compensatory response to resp acidosis

Answer 49

TRUE

Question 50

T/F Tubular fluid becomes more dilute as it ascend the ascending loop of Henle as long as ADH is present

Answer 50

FALSE

Question 51

Vital capacity of lung is calculated by summing all EXCEPT

Answer 51

Functional residual capacity