Anatomy Old Quiz Questions Flashcards
A 5 year old fatigues easily. Echo shows shunting from aorta to pulmonary artery. Structure involved?
Ductus arteriosis
1 month old FTT. Heart murmur. Echo show L to R shunt to the muscular interventricular septum. Abnormality?
Septum primum
Which of the following shunts blood from R to L atrium
Foramen ovale
Pulmonary arteries carry
Deoxygenated blood to the lungs
The left AV valve is called
Mitral valve
Pectinate muscle found primarily in
R atrium
Outermost layer of heart wall called
Epicardium
Which of the following venous structures does NOT drain directly into the R atrium
Azygos vein
Which part of the rib articulates with the bodies of the vertebrae?
The head
Heart and lungs receive symp innervation via
Postganglionic sympathetic pathway
Primary muscle of respiration?
Diaphrahm
Elevates ribs during inspiration?
Serratus posterior superior
“True” ribs include
Ribs 1 and 2
Given forelimb of a bear and a human that are comparably sized with muscles which will be able to produce greater force during flexion of the biceps
Bear.
Long effort arm, short load arm produces greater relative force
When thinking of the lever system that involves flexion of the small gluteal muscles, the distance from the center of mass to the center of the femoral head may be referred to as:
Load arm
Which lever system is most abundant?
Third class lever
A baby missing the entire upper R limb is developed. Explain this?
The apical epidermal ridge did not develop on the right side
A baby is born with left hand missing 4th and 5th didits and 2nd and 3rd fused.
Syndactyly
The inner, gelatinous region of intervertebral disc
Nucleus pulposus
Transverse foramina are found in
Cervical vertebrae
Occipital condyles articulate with
Atlas
Radius articulates with
Capitulum of the humerus
Flexor muscles of the forearm arise from
The medial epicondyle of the humerus
Hypaxial describes
Muscles that move the limbs
Semispinalis capitis
Is innervated by cervical and upper thoracic posterior rami
-think about it posterior rami go to epaxial back muscles
Which of the following is correct pertaining to the vertebral artery?
All of the above
- transverses transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae
- if partially occluded, at least one other blood source for brain
- traverses suboccipital triangle
The trapezius can perform all of following EXCEPT
Protract the scapula
Which of the following muscle is not innervated by ventral rami of spinal nerves but still considered hypaxial?
Trapezius
Which of the following is hypaxial in origin
Serratus posterior inferior
True regarding epaxial muscles
They include erector spinae and transversospinalis muscles
Brachial plexus is comprised of spinal nerve roots _____ and functions to provide ______ to components of upper limb
C5-T1/sensory and motor innervation
The _____ artery is most closely associated with the cords of the brachial plexus
Axillary
The brachial plexus is made up of the ______ rami branches of spinal nerves
Ventral
- think ventral is movement
- dorsal (back) is sensory
Spinal nerve roots C8 and T1 form the ______ of the brachial plexus
Inferior (lower) trunk
-think only goes to T1 so has to be lowest possible choice
Which of the following named nerves branches directly from the C5 spinal nerve root?
Dorsal scapular nerve
-only option that is plain spacular
Which of the following terminal branches of the brachial plexus is composed of both axons from medial and lateral cords?
Median
-meet in the middle
The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve arises from
The musculocutaneous nerve
In the image below, what named nerve is indicated by letter A
-long ass nerve off first part of roots
Long ass thoracic nerve
In image what is B
-very last part of image of terminal branches, comes off the top
Lateral pectoral nerve
The superficial layer of the urogenital triangle contains three muscles. Exception
Puborectalis
Which two muscles are known collectively as the urogenital diaphragm
Ischiocavernosus
Bulbospongiosus
Which of the following nerve branches provides sensation to the back of the head?
Greater occipital
This nerve is responsible for supplying somatomotor innervation to the muscle of facial expression
Facial
This nerve carries presynaptic/postganglionic parasymp fibers tot he ciliary ganglion
Facial
Four muscles of mastication exception:
Buccinator
The passageway for the maxillary nerve (V2) is the
Foramen rotundum
What laryngeal muscle functions to open the rima glottidis?
Posterior crico-arytenoid
The vocalis muscle is the medial portion of which laryngeal muscle
Thyro-arytenoid
Which of the following muscles medially rotates an extended thigh at the hip?
Gluteus minimus
A true hamstring does which of the following
Extends thigh at hip and flexes at the knee
