Physiology-Diabetes

Question 1

Screening tests that go along with a diagnosis of type I diabetes

Answer 1

Celiac screening, hyperthyroidism screen, Addison’s screen and lipid panels

Question 2

Preventive vaccinations for kids with type I diabetes

Answer 2

Flu shot and pneumococcal vaccine

Question 3

Risk for CAD at borderline diabetic Hgb A1c (< 7.0)

Answer 3

2x

Question 4

Are men or women at higher risk for CAD complications from diabetes?

Answer 4

Women

Question 5

Most common cause of mortality in diabetics

Answer 5

CAD (80%)

Question 6

Prevention of CVD in diabetics

Answer 6

1) HTN control (< 100 3) Anti-platelet (Aspirin for males > 50 and females > 60) 4) Smoking cessation 5) Hyperglycemic control (use metformin 1st) 6) Exercise & Diet

Question 7

How are diabetes and depression related?

Answer 7

If you have one you have 2x the risk of getting the other. Note that bipolar patients have 3x the risk of developing diabetes.

Question 8

Best treatment for type II diabetes to date?

Answer 8

Gastric bypass surgery has shown to have better results with weight loss, reduction of Hgb A1c and lipid profiles.

Question 9

When do you see an increase in albuminuria in patients with diabetes?

Answer 9

Initially you see microalbuminuria that indicates an increase in GFR. 15+ years later you see increased albuminuria that marks the decline in GFR.

Question 10

Type 1 diabetes association with diabetic retinopathy

Answer 10

Diabetic nephropathy is also present 90% of the time. Association is not as strong in type II diabetics.

Question 11

What is albuminuria a marker of in diabetic patients

Answer 11

Generalized microvascular endothelial dysfunction that contributes to mortality

Question 12

Drug necessary for reduction of proteinuria in diabetic patients

Answer 12

ACE-I selectively relaxes the efferent arteriole and reduces glomerular filtration pressure