Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

System 1: Respiratory AM > Physiology: Blood Supply, Gas Exchange, Ventilation and Perfusion > Flashcards

Physiology: Blood Supply, Gas Exchange, Ventilation and Perfusion Flashcards

1
Q

What is the blood supply to the lungs?

A

Bronchial Circulation

Pulmonary Circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is bronchial circulation? (3)

A

Nutritive
Supplied via bronchial arteries
Arising from the systemic circulation and supplies oxygenated blood to airway smooth muscle, nerves and tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the pulmonary circulation? (4)

A

Consists of L and R pulmonary arteries anf dense capillary network surrounding alveoli
Carries entire cardiac output from RV
High flow, low pressure
Returns oxygenated blood to the LA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does A stand for in pressure?

A

Alveolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does a stand for in pressure?

A

Arterial Blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does v stand for in pressure?

A

Mixed venous blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the factors of diffusion across the membrane? (5)

A

Directly proportional too PP gradient
Directly proportional to gas solubility
Directly proportional to available surface area
Inversly Proportional to thickness of membrane
Most rapid over short distances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the PP of oxygen and carbon dioxide in alveoli and systemic arterial blood?

A

PO2 - 100mmHg

PCO2 - 40mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the PP pf O2 and CO2 in pulmonary arterial blood and tissues?

A

PO2 - 40mmHg

PCO2 - 46mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How alveoli aid gas exchange?

A

They have a large surface area

Thin membrane wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens to gas exchange in Emphysema?

A

Normal or Low PO2 in alveoli

Low PO2 in arterial blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens to alveoli in emphysema?

A

Alveoli destroyed causing reduced surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What to alveoli in Fibrotic Lung Disease?

A

Thickened alveolar membrane

Loss of compliance reduces alveolar ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens to the gas exchange in fibrotic lung disease?

A

PO2 in alveoli is normal or low

PO2 in arterial blood is low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens to alveoli in Pulmonary Oedema?

A

Interstitial fluid between alveoli and capillaries is increased increasing the distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens to gas exchange in Pulmonary Oedemas?

A

PO2 in alveoli is normal

PO2 in arterial blood is low

17
Q

What happens to alveoli in asthma?

A

Increased airway resistance decreases airway ventilation

18
Q

What happens to gas exchange on asthma?

A

PO2 in alveoli is low

PO2 in arterial blood is low

19
Q

What is the relationship observed between blood flow and ventilation at the base of the lung?

A

Blood flow is higher than ventilation as arterial pressure exceeds alveolar pressure

Blood flow > ventilation

20
Q

What is compressed at the base of the lung?

A

The alveoli

21
Q

What is the relationship observed between blood flow and ventilation at the apex of the lung?

A

Blood flow is low as arterial pressure is less than alveolar pressure

Ventilation> Blood flow

22
Q

What is compressed at the apex of the lung?

A

Arterioles

23
Q

Where does the majority of mismatch between ventilation and perfusion take place in the lung?

A

Apex

24
Q

What is the definition of shunt?

A

passage of blood through poorly ventilated areas of the lungs

Ventilation < Perfusion

25
Q

What is Alveolar Dead Space?

A

Alveoli that are well ventilated but not perfused

Ventilation > Perfusion

26
Q

What does the pulmonary circulation do when a shunt occurs?

A

Constriction of arterioles surrounding poorly ventilated alveoli due to hypoxia

Broncho dilation of arterioles surrounding better ventilated alveoli

27
Q

What happens the pulmonary circulation when alveolar dead space occurs?

A

Increase in bronchial constriction due to the decrease in PCO2 and pulmonary vasodilation due to the increase in PO2

28
Q

What is anatomical dead space?

A

air in the conducting zones of the respiratory tract and therefore not taking part in gas exchange

29
Q

What is Physiological Dead Space?

A

Alveolar Dead Space + Anatomical Dead Space

System 1: Respiratory AM (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions