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Erin Y2 - MSK > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is a motor unit?

A

A single alpha motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibres it innervates

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2
Q

Skeletal muscle structure and organisation

A 
Muscle
Muscle fibre
Myofibril
Sarcomere
Myocin + actin
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3
Q

Myofibrils are made up of ____ + _____ and arranged into ____

A

Myosin + actin

Sarcomeres

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4
Q

What is the functional unit of skeletal muscle?

A

Sarcomere

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5
Q

Actin is…

A

Thin, light

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6
Q

Myosin in…

A

Thick, dark

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7
Q

What binds to troponin on the actin filaments to move tropomyosin aside and expose the myosin binding site?

A

Ca2+

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8
Q

What does the tension/force of contraction depend on?

A

Number of muscle fibres contracting within the muscle

Tension developed by each contracting muscle fibre

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9
Q

3 types of muscle fibre

A

Type 1/slow oxidative
Type IIA/fast oxidative
Type IIB/fast glycolytic

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10
Q

Which muscle fibre type is most resistant to fatigue?

A

Type 1/slow oxidative

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11
Q

Which muscle fibre type is least resistant to fatigue?

A

Type IIB/fast glycolytic

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12
Q

Which muscle fibre has the fastest contraction?

A

Type IIB/fast glycolytic

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13
Q

Which muscle fibre type has the slowest contraction?

A

Type 1/slow oxidative

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14
Q

What is the neuromuscular junction?

A

Synapse between alpha motor neuron and skeletal muscle

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15
Q

What neurotransmitter is released at the NMJ?

A

Acetylcholine

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16
Q

What is the end-plate region?

A

The area of muscle cell membrane immediately beneath the motor nerve ending at the NMJ

17
Q

What enzyme terminates the action of ACh?

A

Acetylcholinesterase

18
Q

What is the synovial membrane/synovium

A

A vascular connective tissue with capillary networks and lymphatics
Contains synovial cells (fibroblasts) which produces synovial fluid
Produces hyaluronic acid (mucin) and lubricin

Erin Y2 - MSK (27 decks)

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