physiology

Question 1

which duct connects to the parotid gland

Answer 1

duct of stenson

Question 2

which duct connects to the sublingual gland

Answer 2

duct of rivinus and common bartholin

Question 3

which duct does the submandibular connect to

Answer 3

duct of wharton

Question 4

what does the duct from the sublingual gland connect with

Answer 4

rivinus and Bartholin connect with whartons

Question 5

where is saliva secreted from

Answer 5

parotid, sublingual and submandibular glands

Question 6

where does the duct of stenson enter

Answer 6

enters the mouth opposite second maxillary molar teeth

Question 7

where does the duct of Wharton-submandibular enter

Answer 7

under the tongue by lingual frenulum

Question 8

where is sublingual galdn ender

Answer 8

sub lingual is medial to submandibular glands-ducts of rivinus and common Bartholin-connect with whartons at the sublingual caruncula

Question 9

which are more medial sublinguinal or submandibular

Answer 9

sublingual

Question 10

are salivary glands exocrine or endocrine

Answer 10

exocrine

Question 11

what do salivary glands consist of

Answer 11

an external capsule
septae separating lobes and lobules
lobules are composed of salivons

Question 12

what does each salivon consist of

Answer 12

a secretory acinus
an intercalated disc
a striated duct

Question 13

what do striated ducts unite to form

Answer 13

interlobular ducts

excretory ducts

Question 14

what is serous solution rich in

Answer 14

a amylase, contain small dense secretory granules

Question 15

what is an acinus formed from

Answer 15

pyramidal shaped secretory acinar cells around a central lumen

Question 16

what is a striated duct formed from

Answer 16

columnar epithelium

Question 17

what is an intercalated duct formed from

Answer 17

cuboidal epithelium

Question 18

what immunoglobulin is found in saliva

Answer 18

IgA

Question 19

where does most saliva come from

Answer 19

submandibular gland

Question 20

what are the 2 stages is saliva excretion

Answer 20

primary secretion by acinar cells

secondary modification by duct cells

Question 21

is parotid gland mostly serous or mucus

Answer 21

serous

Question 22

what is sublingual gland mostly serous or mucous

Answer 22

mostly mucous cells

Question 23

Hco3 increased or decreases with rate

Answer 23

Hco3 increases with rate

ph also increases with rate

Question 24

does K+ increase or decrease with rate

Answer 24

K+ decreases with rate

Question 25

where does pelvic cavity lie

Answer 25

between pelvic inlet and pelvic floor

Question 26

describe the sequence of events in vomiting

Answer 26

suspension in slow wave activity
increase in retrograde contractions form the ileum to the stomach
suspension of breathing-closing of the glottis to prevent aspiration of gastric contents
relaxation in LOS, contraction of abdo muscles and diaphragm to compress the stomach
expulsion of gastric contents through the open UOS

Question 27

what does CTZ coordinate an AP in response to

Answer 27

endogenous toxins, drugs, vagal afferents

Question 28

what is special about the CTZ

Answer 28

it lacks a blood brain barrier

Question 29

what does pain and repulsive sights smells and emotional factors do

Answer 29

sends signal to VC which coordinates vomiting

Question 30

what is the vomiting centre

Answer 30

a group of interconnected neurones within the medulla driven by a central pattern generator

Question 31

what does severe vomiting cause in relation to arterial blood gases

Answer 31

a metabolic alkalosis

Question 32

what can 5 ASA protect against

Answer 32

colorectal cancer

Question 33

what does 5 ASA stand for

Answer 33

5 aminosalicylate acid