GI infections

Question 1

how is cryptosporidium spread

Answer 1

person-person

Question 2

what are outbreaks of cryptosporidium associated with

Answer 2

contaminated water supplies and swimming pools (cyst resistant to chlorine)

Question 3

how do you treat cryptosporidium

Answer 3

symptomatic treatement only

Question 4

what can cryptosporidium be stained with

Answer 4

ziehl nelson stain

Question 5

what is giardia lamblia

Answer 5

protozoal infection

Question 6

what is the mechanism for action of giardia and crytosporidium

Answer 6

infection occurs when cysts are ingested which ‘hatch’ into trophozoites that invade the cells of the upper small intestine

Question 7

what symptoms does giardia lamblia cause

Answer 7

diarrhoea, malabsorption syndrome, anorexia, abdominal pain, flatulence

Question 8

how do you treat giardia lamblia (intestinalis)

Answer 8

oral metronidazole

Question 9

what are the symptoms of enterobius vermicularis

Answer 9

perianal itch, worms seen in stool

Question 10

management of enterobius vermicularis

Answer 10

oral mebendazole

Question 11

give some examples of Gi infections with ingestion of pre-formed toxins

Answer 11

staph aureus
clostridium perfringens
bacillus cereus