Physiology Flashcards
The adenohypophysis is made up of what 3 cell types?
Acidophils stain red
Basophils stain blue
chromophobes stain clear
The supra and pre-optic nucleus secretes which hormone what is its target cell type?
GnRH gonadotrophs
The paraventricular nucleus secretes which hormone, what is its target cell type?
Dopamine lactotrophs
Which nuclei of the hypothalamus make up the primary plexus? What’s unique about this location?
Paraventricular, ventromedial, and arcuate nuclei.
outside of the BBB
What’s a tropic hormone ?
Tropic targets another endocrine gland such as GnRH
GnRH release is damaged leading to continuous release; what’s the result?
low FSH and LH
Your patient just ovulated 2 days ago as evidenced by her regular middleschmerts what’s the pulsatility of her GnRH currently; which is higher FSH or LH?
Low frequency in Luteal phase. FSH is higher
Describe gonadotropin levels for your 16 y/o f patient when they’re sleeping? How does this change for your 63y/o f patient?
High/active
Much higher day and night
Name three anterior pituitary peptide hormones, and which can down regulate FSH/LH
prolactin (which can down regulate these)
ACTH
GH
What are the 5 classes of steroid hormones?
mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, estrogens, and progestins.
What can activin activate?
Synthesis and release of FSH and GnRH
How do sertoli cells take advantage of the testosterone given them by their neighboring leydig cells?
ABP androgen binding protein which increases with stimulation of FSH
Vasodilation is usually caused by what autonomic system? Which system dilates the deep artery of the penis?
Sympathetic via alpha 1 receptors
Parasympathetic
ID each set of nerves with its nervous system correlate:
1 cavernous 2 pudendal 3 inferior hypogastric plexus 4 pelvic plexus 5 pelvic splanchnic 6 superior hypogastric plexus
1 para 2 somatic 3 symp 4 symp 5 para 6 symp
spelunking in the cave: para
plexus: symp
The internal urethral sphincter is shut off by which nervous system?
sympathetic
