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ENT > Physiology > Flashcards

Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the sensory receptor cells of taste packaged?

A

In taste buds

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2
Q

How lomg is the life span of taste cells?

A

10 days

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3
Q

How are taste receptor cells replaced?

A

From basal cells within the taste buds.

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4
Q

Where are taste buds present?

A

Tongue

Palate

Epiglottis

Pharynx

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5
Q

Where do the majority of taste buds sit?

A

In the papillae in the tongue

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6
Q

What are the four typesof papillae on thr human tongue?

A

Filliform (most numerous) - do not contain taste buds

Fungiform

Vallate

Foliate

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7
Q

What is produced when taste provoking chemical (tastant) binds to receptor cells?

A

Depolarising receptor potential

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8
Q

How do afferent taste fibres reach the brainstem?

A

CN VII - anterior two thirds of the tongue

CN IX - posterior third of the tongur

CN X - area other than tongue, including epiglottis and pharynx

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9
Q

What are the five primary tastes?

A

Bitter

Sour

Salty

Sweet

Umami

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10
Q

What are sweet tastes stimulated by?

A

Configuration of glucose

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11
Q

What are salty tastes stimulated by?

A

Chemical salts especially sodium chloride

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12
Q

What is ageusia?

A

Loss of taste function

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13
Q

What are some examples of hypogeudsia causes?

A

Chemotherapy

Medications

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14
Q

What are some examples of dysguesia causes?

A

Glossitis

Gum infections

Tooth decay

Reflux

URTI

Neoplasms

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15
Q

Which cranial nerve does the main olfactory system involve?

A

Cranial nerve I

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16
Q

Which cranial nerve does the trigeminal somatosensory system involve?

A

Cranial nerve V

17
Q

What does a subtsance have to be in order to be smelled?

A

Volatile

Water soluble

18
Q

What must an odour do before neural conduction can occur?

A

Enter the nose via the active or passive process

Pass to the olfactory cleft

Move from the air phase to the aqueous phase

19
Q

Which type of epithelium is the olfactory neuroepithelium?

A

Pseudostrtaified columnar epithelium

20
Q

How long is the lifespan of olfactory receptors?

A

2 months

21
Q

What is anosmia?

A

Inability to smell

ENT (13 decks)

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