ENT Emergency Flashcards
What signs are you looking for in nasal trauma?
Bruising, swelling
Tenderness
Deviation
Epistaxis
Infraoribital sensation
CNS
(Exclude septal haematoma)
Which type of fracture is associated with anosmia?
Cribiform plate fracture
Which is the most common artery that causes epistaxis?
Anterior ethmoid artery
What is the management for epistaxis?
Local treatment
External pressure to nose
Ice
Cautery
Nasal packing
How is epostaxis managed systemically?
Tranexamic acod
Reversal of effect of anti-coagulants
Correction of clotting abnormalities
Platelet transfusion
Treatment of hypertension
How is a pinna haematoma managed?
Aspirate
OR
Incision and drainage
THEN
Pressure dressing
How is an ear laceration managed?
Debridement
Closure
- Primary
- Reconcstructioj
Usually LA
Antibiotics - cartilage
What can be seen on examination of a temporal bone fracture?
Bruising - battle sign
Condition of TM and ear canal
CN VII damage
Hearing loss
How does an otic capsule involved temporal fracture differ?
It involves a displaced cochlea
It can cause facial nerve palsy
What are the two types of temporal bome fractures?
Longitudinal and transverse
Which test is used in sudden sensorineural hearing loss?
Weber test
What is the treatment of sudden sensironeural hearing loss?
Steroids 1mg/kg
Consider intratympanic treatment
How is a deep space neck infection managed?
IV access, bloods
Fluid rehydration
IV antibiotics ( co-amoxiclav, clindamycin)
May need to drain infection
How does a blow out fracture look on CT scan?
‘Tear drop sign’
