Physiological Ecology Flashcards
In order to conduct photosynthesis most plants must keep their
stomata open. This is called the
C3 photosynthetic pathway
When soil moisture is depleted
the speed of water movement up
the plant tissue _____
Decreases
The water that is lost can be made up for and_____________
productivity rates
C3 plants have the highest
in drier environments it is a major issue
________ have limited/no ability to store CO2 so in order to carry out
photosynthesis they must have their stomata open
C3 plant
____ plants are limited by water or CO2
C3
C3 Plants are better ____ season
Cool
C4 plants are better adapted to _______ climates
warmer/drier
These plants can store CO2, so they do not have to keep their stomata
open in order to photosynthesize
C4
In wet conditions___ plants out perform ___ plants
C3, C4
But in drier areas (Kansas and Southwestern MO) ___ plants outdo
____ plants
C4, C3
In extremely dry climates the ____pathway is superior
CAM
Very few plants use this (cactus and pineapple)
CAM
CAM plants separate the _______ and _______ reactions
light dependent, light independent
Stomata only open at night CO2 stored
A) CAM
B) C3
C) C4
A) CAM
If a site is dominated by __ plants, the productivity may be less than a
neighboring site that is dominated by ___ plants in dry conditions
C3, C4
short-term changes in an organism that increase fitness in an
environment
does not include genetic change
Acclimate
evolutionary change in a population
Adaptation
is an evolutionary change (change in allele frequency) to
changes in environmental conditions
Adaptation
Parent material of soil
he rock type from which it was formed—
and organic material
____________ allow Faster percolation of water
if there is too much sand then water can quickly become unavailable
to plants
Course soils (e.g., sand)
________ slow the percolation of water
if there is too much clay then water is trapped at the surface and
evaporates
Fine soils (e.g., clay)
________ soils have had little biotic activity and are relatively
nutrient poor
Young (immature)
_____soils are more nutrient rich
Older, mature
_______organic matter, this is a soil/dead plant matter
area where primary decomposition occurs
O horizon
_______topsoil, rich in organics decomposition occurring
A horizon
______mineral soil (parent material) and leached
organics
B horizon
__________undifferentiated parent material, some “dirt” but
not much in the way of organic material
C horizon
Structured populations are those that
A) have relatively constant rates of mortality
B) are most sensitive to changes in survival of offspring
C) are most often found in highly productive biomesare most often found in highly productive biomes
D) have differential rates of mortality among age groups
D
A species with a slow (k-selected) life-history would likely be most sensitive to changes in
A) reproduction
B) juvenile survival
C) adult survival
D) number of offspring produced
C
Life tables where data are collected by following all members of a population for the duration of their lives
A) static
B) cohort
C) structured
D) stochastic
B
Life tables can be used to
A)calculate the population growth rate of structured populations
B) generate a life history curve using survivorship (lx)
C) calculate life expectancy
D) all of the above
D
Humans have a ____ life history
A) Type 1
B) Type 2
C) Type 3
D) Type 4
A
