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Madsen Triad Quiz Questions > Physio Quiz Questions > Flashcards

Physio Quiz Questions Flashcards

1
Q

: ____________ explains that each eye has its own individual viewpoint.

A

Retinal disparity

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2
Q

A tumor in the medial hypothalamus is most likely to produce which of the following?

A

outbursts of aggressive behavior

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3
Q

Damage to the ___________ causes emotional liability, poor impulse control, and impaired social insight.

A

orbitofrontal area of prefrontal cortex

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4
Q

A patient taking the neuroleptic clozapine exhibits several symptoms including tachycardia, muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, altered consciousness, and autonomic dysfunction. The best action in this case would be to

A

immediately stop the drug and administer fluids and electrolytes

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5
Q

When working with a “split-brain” patient, you would notice that he or she has the most difficulty with regard to which of the following?

A

sensory functions

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6
Q

The complete loss of color vision resulting from a lack of functioning cone cells is referred to as

A

achromatopsia

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7
Q

Over secretion of thyroxine leads to ________.

A

Grave’s Disease

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8
Q

Which of the following describes the correct sequence of events that occur during an action potential?

A

Sodium (Na+) enters the cell and the cell depolarizes; then potassium (K+) leaves the cell and the cell repolarizes.

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9
Q

To reduce symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, which of the following would be most effective?

A

a drug that depletes dopamine levels

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10
Q

Which of the following individuals is at highest risk for migraine headache?

A

a 35 year-old female who is perfectionistic and ambitious

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11
Q

Following a stroke, a 71-year-old woman exhibits loss of vision in her right visual field. Most likely, this impairment is the result of damage to the

A

Visual cortex in her left hemisphere

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12
Q

What percent of neurons are lost by the age of 70?

A

1%

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13
Q

Hemiplegia affecting the right side of the body suggests damage to the

A

Motor cortex in the left hemisphere

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14
Q

The “therapeutic window” refers to __________.

A

the time when a drug is effective to treat an injury

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15
Q

Tactile sensation and visuospatial functions are mediated primarily by the

A

Parietal lobe

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16
Q

The excess of which neurotransmitters can be a potent neuronal “excitotoxin,” triggering seizures, brain damage, or other neurodegenerative disorders?

A

glutamate

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17
Q

Up to 50% or more of individuals who experience a minor brain injury develop post-concussion syndrome. The majority of these individuals fully recover within ______. However, for those whose symptoms last for more than _________, symptoms may be permanent.

A

one to three months; one year

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18
Q

The anterior cingulate cortex is believed to be involved in

A

emotional reactions to pain.

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19
Q

Which of the following is least likely to be an initial symptom of multiple sclerosis?

A

impaired memory and attention

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20
Q

The onset of puberty occurs when certain cells in the __________ secrete gonadotropin-releasing hormones.

A

Hypothalamus

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21
Q

Which of the following is a type of nonfluent aphasia that involves deficits in both receptive and expressive language?

A

global aphasia

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22
Q

Which of the following neurotransmitters plays a role in the formation of long-term memories?

A

Glutamate

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23
Q

Lesions to the right (non-dominant) hemisphere would most likely produce:

A

Indifference or euphoria

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24
Q

A split-brain patient is staring straight ahead when the word “head band” is flashed directly in front of her. The woman will most likely verbally report seeing which of the following?

A

Band

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25
Q

Damage to what area of the brain may lead to uncontrollable laughter or intense rage and aggression?

A

hypothalamus

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26
Q

Following a head injury, a woman exhibits dressing apraxia, tactile agnosia, and doesn’t comb the hair on the left side of her head. Which area of her brain has most likely been damaged?

A

Parietal lobe

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27
Q

The __________, cerebellum, and motor cortex contribute to procedural and implicit memory.

A

Basal ganglia

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28
Q

Individuals with this form of aphasia may be able to say a few words and produce automatic speech (especially emotional exclamations)?

A

Global aphasia

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29
Q

This age range is most likely to experience the least amount of REM sleep.

A

Older adults

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30
Q

___________, is characterized by deep relaxation and light sleep.

A

Theta waves

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31
Q

Normally damage to the subthalamus causes involuntary jerking and twitching movements. However, in individuals with __________, damage to this region brings motor activity back to normal.

A

Parkinsons

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32
Q

A 36-year-old man presents with symptoms of apathy, muscle problems, fidgeting, and forgetfulness. These symptoms seem to progress in intensity and frequency as time goes on. He is most likely suffering from which disease?

A

Huntingtons

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33
Q

Which of the following is most likely to be useful for treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?

A

SSRI

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34
Q

The atypical neuroleptic Clozapine (Clozaril):

A

Has a slower onset of therapeutic effects than traditional neuroleptics

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35
Q

Drugs that block the activity of _______ produce dry mouth, blurred vision, postural hypotension, urinary retention, and tachycardia.

A

ACh

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36
Q

Therapeutic drug monitoring relies on measuring specific drugs to maintain a concentration in the patient’s bloodstream for what purpose?

A

Optimize dosage regimens

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37
Q

Haloperidol acts as a _________ receptor antagonist.

A

Dopamine

HaloperiDOl do = dopamine

38
Q

Which area of the brain keeps track of the position of the body relative to the world?

A

posterior parietal cortex

39
Q

Ataxia is a common symptom of advanced multiple sclerosis and is characterized by:

A

impaired coordination and balance

40
Q

Which of the following areas of the brain produces melatonin and plays a role in circadian and seasonal rhythms?

A

Pineal gland

41
Q

What term is defined as “the study of the relationship between physical stimulus magnitudes and their corresponding psychological sensations”?

A

psychophysics

42
Q

The drug Ritalin inhibits the reuptake of which neurotransmitter?

A

Dopamine

43
Q

_______ is specialized for the control of fine movements, such as moving one finger at a time.

A

Pre central gyrus

44
Q

Which structures are included in Papez’s circuit?

A

hippocampus, mammillary bodies, and thalamus

45
Q

According to General Adaptation Syndrome, the first stage of stress is classified as __________.

A

Alarm reaction

46
Q

The _____________ maintains the body’s internal homeostasis.

A

Hypothalamus

47
Q

Temporal lobe damage causes which of the following?

A

Receptive aphasia

48
Q

The _______ controls the flow of information between the spinal cord and the brain.

A

medulla

49
Q

Which of the following disease is characterized by uncontrollable jerking movements, writhing movements, and dementia?

A

Huntingtons

50
Q

Which of the following describes a drug that opposes or inhibits the effects of a particular neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic cell?

A

Antagonist

51
Q

Which disease is Levodopa (L-Dopa) most commonly used to treat?

A

Parkinson’s

L-doPA-RKINSONS

52
Q

Which of the following is directed toward the central nervous system, conveying sensory information?

A

Afferent (going towards the a, the brain)

53
Q

Damage to the reticular activating system is most likely to cause which of the following?

A

Disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle

54
Q

Lesions in the right (nondominant) hemisphere of the cerebral cortex are most likely to cause which of the following:

A

indifference or excessive cheerfulness

55
Q

Soon after starting an antidepressant, a woman develops several negative side effects including dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, and blurred vision. Which of the following would alleviate these symptoms?

A

Cholinergic agonist

56
Q

As the result of an injury, Walter cannot recognize familiar objects by touch. Most likely, Walter has damage to which area of his brain?

A

parietal

57
Q

Which antidepressant is likely to have an initially high sedative effect?

A

TCA

58
Q

Which of the following is a long-term concern regarding the use of chlorpromazine?

A

Tardive dyskinesia

59
Q

The most common side effects consistent with lithium use are which of the following?

A

polyuria and polydipsia (urinating and drinking more than usual)

60
Q

What is defined as the examination of chromosomes and their abnormalities?

A

Cytogenic testing

61
Q

What are common side effects of opioid use?

A

sweating, nausea, and constipation

62
Q

Which of the following are helpful in diagnosing seizures?

A

EEG, CT, and MRI

63
Q

Which sleep wave pattern is defined as “awake, rested, and relaxed”?

A

Alpha

64
Q

In which of the following disorders does an elevated level of serotonin NOT play a role? (Schizophrenia/autism/anorexia/bulimia)

A

Bulimia

65
Q

If a split-brain patient is shown a picture of apple pie to their right visual field, what is the patient capable of doing?

A

verbally name “apple pie” and point to it with their right hand

66
Q

This theory states that the eye has unique color receptors for each primary color.

A

trichromatic theory

67
Q

80 to 85% of individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) are categorized with this subtype.

A

Relapsing-remitting

68
Q

This neurotransmitter is implicated in eating, seizures, anxiety disorders, motor control, vision, and sleep.

A

GABA

69
Q

Doxepin, Elavil, and Tofranil all belong to which category of drugs?

A

TCAs

70
Q

Tourette Syndrome has been most associated with a dysfunction in which of the following structures of the brain?

A

Basal ganglia

71
Q

Abrupt cessation of _____________ can produce nightmares and an REM rebound.

A

Barbiturates

72
Q

_________ are used to classify certain genes that influence various behavioral traits.

A

Molecular genetic methods

73
Q

Which area of the brain consists of the medulla, the pons, and the cerebellum?

A

Hindbrain

74
Q

Which brain region is in control of coordination, balance, and posture?

A

Cerebellum

75
Q

Procedural memory is processed by which area of the brain?

A

Cerebellum

76
Q

Which structure secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and somatropin (growth) hormone?

A

Pituitary gland

77
Q

Which of the following neurotransmitters plays a role in forming long-term memories?

A

Glutamate

78
Q

What is associated with deprivation of REM sleep?

A

inability to retain newly learned information

79
Q

Which aphasia is characterized by the ability to talk but having nothing to say, inability to understand written and spoken language, but do have the ability to produce automatic responses (e.g. singing familiar songs, repeating phrases, etc.)?

A

mixed transcortical aphasia

80
Q

Which of the following is not a peptide that has analgesic properties and plays a role in pain modulation?

A

endozepines

81
Q

________ is a non-stimulant wakefulness-promoting drug used to combat daytime fatigue in patients with narcolepsy.

A

Modanifil

82
Q

The drug _______, which blocks the action of acetylcholine, produces effects resembling manic symptoms, such as flight of ideas, talkativeness, and difficulties in concentration.

A

scopolamine

83
Q

A 63-year-old client presents with depression, affective flattening, restlessness with shuffling gait, and rhythmic hand movements. Which of the following conditions is the individual most likely experiencing?

A

Parkinson’s disease

84
Q

Individuals with an identical pair of genes on the two chromosomes are ________ for that gene.

A

homozygous

85
Q

The symptoms of numbness, weakness, tremor, and ataxia that characterize multiple sclerosis are due to which of the following?

A

demyelination

86
Q

Which of the following is a protein complex that repeatedly transports three sodium ions out of the cell while drawing in two potassium ions?

A

sodium-potassium pump

87
Q

A membrane potential that varies in magnitude in proportion to the intensity of a stimulus is called a _________.

A

graded potential

88
Q

Dr. Jordyn recently lost his mother to a lengthy battle with cancer. Shortly after this, his father became ill and Dr. Jordyn assumed a number of caretaking responsibilities for his father. Dr. Jordyn is also completing his post-doctoral fellowship in health psychology at a nearby hospital when a nationwide pandemic caused an influx of patients at the hospital. Dr. Jordyn witnessed patient losses, grieving families, and workforce shortages, all while managing his own grief and stress. Dr. Jordyn recently noticed an increase in heart palpitations and experienced an episode of syncope. According to Selye’s (1956) model of response to long-term stress, which of the following stages is best represented in this scenario?

A

exhaustion

89
Q

Which of the following is used to treat chronic alcohol use disorder?

A

Disulfiram

90
Q

Prolonged stress is harmful and causes the release of cortisol, which enhances metabolic activity throughout the body. When metabolic activity is high, cells become more vulnerable. Toxins or overstimulation are then more likely able to damage or kill neurons in which area of the brain?

A

Hippocampus

91
Q

Clomipramine is thought to be highly effective for alleviating symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and trichotillomania. Through which mechanism of action is clomipramine exerting its effects to alleviate these symptoms?

A

Blocks reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine (TCA)

92
Q

An individual experiencing deficits in speech production has most likely sustained damage to which part of the brain?

A

left hemisphere, frontal lobe

Madsen Triad Quiz Questions (13 decks)

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