Abnormal Quiz Questions Flashcards
1
Q
Chronic otitis linked to
A
SLD
2
Q
Hypomanic episode difference
A
No marked impairment in social or occupational functioning
3
Q
Alzheimers years 2-10
A
impairments in recent and remote memory, delusions, fluent aphasia, and restlessness
4
Q
Dissociative fugue confirmation
A
You learn that the man has recently traveled unexpectedly from another state and has assumed a new identity.
5
Q
Panic disorder
A
At least two unexpected panic attacks
6
Q
OCD in adults by gender
A
Equally common in males and females
7
Q
Grandiosity is not a part of
A
Schizoid Personality Disorder (it is a part of BP1, Narcissistic PD, and Schizoaffective)
8
Q
Dissociative amnesia
A
Retrospective gaps in memory
9
Q
cataplexy
A
Usually triggered by a strong emotion
10
Q
Sleep terrors
A
Happen during stage 3 or 4 of non-REM sleep
11
Q
ECT
A
is considered useful for treating depression that involves suicidal preoccupation
12
Q
Bulimia Nervosa
A
episodes of binge eating followed by behaviors aimed at preventing weight gain - e.g., purging, excessive exercise, and/or the use of laxatives. The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for the disorder include binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behavior for at least three months
13
Q
ODD vs Conduct Disorder
A
ODD would not including stealing, CD would
14
Q
Schizophrenia biological siblings
A
10% concordance
15
Q
Latino with MDD will say
A
Problems with headaches, sleep problems, and nervousness (nervios)
16
Q
Adjustment disorder
A
he development of symptoms within 3 month(s) of the onset of the stressor
17
Q
Habit reversal
A
awareness training, regulated breathing, and social support. This intervention is used to treat stuttering, tics, and nervous habits.
18
Q
Strongest predictor or intellectual disability
A
Low birth weight
19
Q
Children with ADHD who are in partial remission as young adults
A
60%
20
Q
Schizoaffective disorder
A
Concurrent psychotic and mood symptoms, two weeks of psychotic symptoms without mood symptoms
21
Q
Hypofrontality in schizophrenia linked to
A
Negative symptoms
22
Q
MDD sleep disturbance
A
Decreased REM latency
23
Q
Schizophrenic not responsive to lithium, go to
A
Carbamazepine
24
Q
Reactive attachment disorder must be linked to
A
Extreme insufficient care
25
Erectile disorder duration
6 mo
26
Neurocognitive Disorder due to Alzheimer's disease has excess neurofibrillary tangles in the:
hippocampus
27
Severity of bulimia
Average number of weekly episodes of inappropriate compensatory behavior
28
Lewinsohn depression theory
low rate of response-contingent positive reinforcement
29
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Onset of symptoms prior to 10
30
Highest suicide rate
The CDC (2018) has reported the highest rates of suicide among Non-Hispanic Native Americans/Alaskan Native males, followed by White Non-Hispanic males.
31
GAD comorbidity rate
80-90%
32
PTSD “with delayed expression” means
6mo
33
Dissociative fugue is
A specifier for dissociative amnesia
34
Learning Disorder to ADHD comorbidity rate
20-30%, most frequent co-diagnosis
35
In children, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) most often entails excessive worry about:
school or sports performance
36
Bipolar 2 requires
at least one major depressive episode and one hypomanic episode
37
Tourette's Disorder frequency of tics over lifetime
often decline in adolescence or adulthood.
38
ADHD in adults
Hyperactivity and impulsivity become less prominent while inattention stays the same or becomes more prominent.
39
Phonological processing sign of
Dyslexia
40
Associated features of schizophrenia
inappropriate affect, dysphoric mood, disturbed sleep pattern, and lack of interest in eating.
41
Schizophrenia, the DSM-5 requires the presence of two or more active phase symptoms for at least one month, with at least one symptom being:
hallucinations, delusions, or disorganized speech.
42
Which of the following is a symptom of Persistent Depressive Disorder
Poor appetite, overeating, insomnia
NOT psychomotor agitaton
43
For a diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in children, anxiety and worry must involve _____ or more characteristic symptoms.
one
44
The progression of Alzheimer's disease can be described in terms of three stages. A person in the second (middle) stage of the disease is most likely to exhibit
anterograde and retrograde amnesia, flat or labile mood, restlessness, and fluent aphasia.
45
Symptoms of which of the following diagnoses are least likely to persist throughout adulthood
Antisocial Personality Disorder (tends to remit in middle-aged adults)
46
Magical thinking, depression, ideas of reference, paranoia, discomfort in social situations, and inappropriate affect are most characteristic of which of the following disorders?
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
47
Delirium involves a disturbance in attention and awareness that develops over:
a few hours to a few days.
48
Early signs of Neurocognitive Disorder due to HIV infection are most likely to be:
forgetfulness and impaired concentration.
49
Research investigating high-risk situations associated with relapse for a variety of addictive and other problem behaviors has shown that which of the following accounts for nearly three-fourths of relapse incidents?
Negative emotional states, interpersonal conflicts, and social pressure
50
Restlessness, psychomotor agitation, flushed face, diuresis, rambling speech, and muscle twitching are most suggestive of which of the following?
Caffeine Intoxication
51
A dimensional approach to diagnosis is based on the ________ of attributes.
quantification
52
__________ is a cause of delirium and may result from kidney or liver failure or diabetes mellitus, hypo or hyperthyroidism, vitamin deficiency, electrolyte imbalance, severe dehydration, or many other conditions.
Metabolic encephalopathy
53
During the postpartum period, approximately _____ of women experience postpartum depression.
10 to 15%
54
Cataplexy is often triggered by which of the following?
Narcolepsy + Strong Emotions
55
ADHD
Symptoms must have been present before 12, confirmed in 2 settings
56
As described in the DSM-5, _______________ is the likely diagnosis for an adult client who has experienced a depressed mood, a poor appetite, and impaired concentration for most of the day on most days for over two years.
Persistent Depressive Disorder (used to be dysthymic disorder)
57
Which of the following suggests that a DSM-5 diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa is more appropriate than a diagnosis of Bulimia Nervosa?
Persistent restriction of energy intake
58
The DSM-5 requires which of the following for a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
An onset of symptoms during the early developmental period
59
The essential feature of Oppositional Defiant Disorder is a recurrent pattern of an angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness as evidenced by at least four symptoms that are exhibited during interactions with:
at least one person who is not a sibling.
60
As described in the DSM-5, which of the following are symptoms of Stimulant Intoxication?
Pupillary dilation, nausea, and muscular weakness
61
Use of which of the following substances is NOT likely to produce a Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder?
Opioids
62
Research investigating high-risk situations associated with relapse for a variety of addictive and other problem behaviors has shown that which of the following accounts for nearly three-fourths of relapse incidents?
Negative emotional states, interpersonal conflicts, and social pressure
63
Restlessness, psychomotor agitation, flushed face, diuresis, rambling speech, and muscle twitching are most suggestive of which of the following?
Caffeine Intoxication
64
A dimensional approach to diagnosis is based on the ________ of attributes.
quantification
65
__________ is a cause of delirium and may result from kidney or liver failure or diabetes mellitus, hypo or hyperthyroidism, vitamin deficiency, electrolyte imbalance, severe dehydration, or many other conditions.
Metabolic encephalopathy
66
During the postpartum period, approximately _____ of women experience postpartum depression.
10 to 15%
67
Cataplexy is often triggered by which of the following?
Narcolepsy + Strong Emotions
68
ADHD
Symptoms must have been present before 12, confirmed in 2 settings
69
As described in the DSM-5, _______________ is the likely diagnosis for an adult client who has experienced a depressed mood, a poor appetite, and impaired concentration for most of the day on most days for over two years.
Persistent Depressive Disorder (used to be dysthymic disorder)
70
Which of the following suggests that a DSM-5 diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa is more appropriate than a diagnosis of Bulimia Nervosa?
Persistent restriction of energy intake
71
The DSM-5 requires which of the following for a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder?
An onset of symptoms during the early developmental period
72
The essential feature of Oppositional Defiant Disorder is a recurrent pattern of an angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness as evidenced by at least four symptoms that are exhibited during interactions with:
at least one person who is not a sibling.
73
As described in the DSM-5, which of the following are symptoms of Stimulant Intoxication?
Pupillary dilation, nausea, and muscular weakness
74
Use of which of the following substances is NOT likely to produce a Substance-Induced Psychotic Disorder?
Opioids
75
In its early stages, Alzheimer's disease shares several characteristics with Korsakoff's syndrome. Specifically, both disorders are characterized by:
anterograde amnesia that affects declarative memories but not procedural memories.
76
Research investigating the efficacy of phototherapy as a treatment for Seasonal Affective Disorder has generally found that it is:
an effective treatment and produces results comparable to those produced by antidepressant drugs.
77
The use of Haloperidol or other dopamine blocking agent for the treatment of Tourette's Disorder:
can be problematic in many cases because of the severe side effects of these drugs.
78
Researchers have linked depression to:
decreased REM latency and increased REM density.
79
A new client tells the clinician that she has been feeling "down in the dumps" and "completely worthless" for the last five or six days. She also says she is having trouble sleeping, has lost her appetite, and feels anxious "all the time." The client denies having previous mood problems and states that there are no specific stressors in her life. The client's symptoms are most suggestive of which of the following DSM-5 diagnoses?
Other Specified Depressive Disorder (b/c less than 2 weeks)
80
Which of the following is not a DSM-5 diagnostic criterion for Conversion Disorder?
Evidence that the symptoms are related to a psychological need or conflict.
81
A client tells a clinician that she is having "a lot of problems" with food. She states that she has been on numerous diets over the years and, even when she achieves her desired weight, she always gains it back. She says that she has been evaluated for medical problems such as hypothyroidism, but all the tests have been negative. When determining if the client's symptoms meet the criteria for Binge Eating Disorder or Bulimia Nervosa, the clinician should keep in mind that:
compensatory behavior is not a requirement for Binge Eating Disorder.
82
For a diagnosis of Separation Anxiety Disorder, the DSM-5 requires symptoms of fear, anxiety, or avoidance that have lasted for at least __________ in children and adolescents or about __________ in adults.
four weeks; six months
83
A DSM-5 diagnosis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder or Acute Stress Disorder requires the development of characteristic symptoms following exposure to:
actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence
84
The core feature of the DSM-5 diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria is which of the following?
Incongruence between assigned and experienced/expressed gender
85
The DSM-5 classifies symptoms of Substance Use Disorders into which of the following categories?
Impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria
86
A DSM-5 diagnosis of Schizophrenia requires the presence of two or more active-phase symptoms during one month, with at least one symptom being ____________ plus continuous signs of disturbance for least six months.
delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech
87
Psychological autopsies indicate that about ____% of people who complete suicide meet the criteria for one or more mental disorders at the time of their death.
90
88
Cluster C Personality Disorders include which of the following Personality Disorders?
Avoidant, Dependent, and Obsessive-Compulsive
89
In comparison to bilateral ECT, unilateral ECT to the right (nondominant) hemisphere:
produces less anterograde amnesia for both verbal and nonverbal tasks
90
Research examining the relationship between mild depression and autobiographical memory has demonstrated that in comparison to the memories of people who are nondysphoric, the memories of people who are experiencing dysphoria are:
less detailed and more negative
91
For a diagnosis of ADHD in a child, the DSM-5 requires:
a minimum of six symptoms for at least six months.
92
_______________ is the likely DSM-5 diagnosis for a mother when her child's persistent vomiting stops whenever the child is not in the mother's care for several days.
Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another
93
For some adolescents and adults, it may be difficult to distinguish ADHD from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder due to an overlap in symptoms. ADHD may be difficult to distinguish from OCD because the individual with ADHD:
may attempt to compensate for his or her attention deficits by developing repetitive routines.
94
The wife of an alcoholic is told she is "co-dependent." This most likely means that she:
overtly or covertly supports her husband's drinking.
95
Studies on effective treatments for Bulimia Nervosa have found that:
cognitive behavioral therapy alone is superior to treatment with an SSRI alone, but for some patients, combining the two treatments improves outcomes.
96
A DSM-5 diagnosis of Acute Stress Disorder requires a duration of symptoms of:
Three days to one month
97
A clinician notices that her client, age 28, experiences frequent periods in which she is very irritable, sensitive, anxious, and self-deprecating. Between these occurrences, however, the client seems to be fairly well-adjusted and even-tempered. When the clinician asks the client about these mood changes, the client says she has always felt very moody the week before her menstrual period. The client's symptoms are most suggestive of which of the following DSM-5 disorders?
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
98
During your initial session with John B., John says his wife has insisted that he "get some help" with his sleep problems. John's wife, Kaitlyn, states that she is awakened by his frightening screams at least once a week. She indicates that this usually occurs a few hours after they go to sleep and that this has negatively affected her mood and their relationship. John denies a history of trauma or substance abuse, and he says the results of his recent physical are good. Kaitlyn tells you that her husband sometimes wakes up when he screams and seems agitated but usually goes right back to sleep and does not respond to her attempts to calm him. Furthermore, she shares that in the morning, he does not remember the episode, nor does he recall having any dreams. John's symptoms are most suggestive of which of the following DSM-5 diagnoses?
Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Arousal Disorder (NOT “Sleep Terror Disorder”)
99
A DSM-5 diagnosis of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder requires an onset of symptoms prior to ___ years of age.
10
100
For a DSM-5 diagnosis of Binge-Eating Disorder, an individual must have engaged in binge-eating, on average:
once a week for at least one month
101
For individuals with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia, the poorest prognosis is associated with which of the following?
Male gender, younger age at onset, and predominant negative symptoms
102
A 33-year old married woman with one biological child receives a diagnosis of Schizophrenia. Her husband has no symptoms or family history of the disorder. Based on correlational statistics, which of her relatives is most at risk for receiving the same diagnosis?
Her son (13% concordance)
103
With a diagnosis of Tourette's Disorder, the frequency and severity of tics:
often decline in adolescence or adulthood.
104
For a diagnosis of Tourette's Disorder, symptoms must have been present before ____ years of age.
18
105
Researchers have linked Schizophrenia to several structural brain abnormalities, with the most consistent finding being:
enlarged ventricles.
106
If a child has Schizophrenia, their fraternal twin has a _____ percent chance of developing the disorder.
17
107
According to the DSM-5, the 12-month prevalence rate for Bipolar I Disorder in the United States is _____ percent.
0.6
108
Which of the following is not a symptom of Persistent Depressive Disorder?
Psychomotor agitation is a symptom of Major Depressive Disorder, but not of Persistent Depressive Disorder.
109
For a diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder in children, anxiety and worry must involve _____ or more characteristic symptoms.
one
110
Soon after losing his job, a 43-year-old man develops feelings of sadness and hopelessness. He has trouble even thinking about looking for another job and thinks his unemployment is already having an adverse effect on his marriage. The man's symptoms have lasted for ten days, and he has no previous history of a mental disorder. The most likely diagnosis is:
Adjustment Disorder with depressed mood.
111
At least eight times in the past month, Mark has experienced sudden arousal from sleep that starts with a scream and is accompanied by signs of autonomic arousal. When his partner tries to comfort him during these episodes, Mark does not respond, and in the morning, he does not remember what happened. If Mark's episodes usually happen in the first third of the night during stage 3 of sleep, the most likely diagnosis is which of the following?
Non-REM Sleep Arousal Disorder
112
A thiamine deficiency is associated with which of the following?
Alcohol-Induced Major Neurocognitive Disorder
113
The research suggests that sex therapy is most effective for which of the following sexual dysfunctions?
Premature Ejaculation
114
Symptoms of Antisocial Personality Disorder usually become
less evident and pervasive in adulthood, beginning in middle age.
115
Magical thinking, depression, ideas of reference, paranoia, discomfort in social situations, and inappropriate affect are most characteristic of which of the following disorders?
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
116
Individuals who are diagnosed with childhood-onset type Conduct Disorder
are more likely than those with adolescent-onset type to develop symptoms of adult Antisocial Personality Disorder.
117
Symptoms of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder may be comorbid with other mental health disorders. However, this diagnosis cannot coexist with:
Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Intermittent Explosive Disorder, or Bipolar Disorder
118
Reported concordance rates for Schizophrenia for identical (monozygotic) twins range from:
45 to 50%
119
Dysphoria, vivid and frightening dreams, insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue, psychomotor agitation or retardation, and increased appetite are most suggestive of __________ Withdrawal.
stimulant
120
Moffitt (1993) attributes the adolescent-limited type of Conduct Disorder to which of the following?
A maturity gap
| moffitt maturity MM
121
The assessment of patients with Alzheimer's disease is an ongoing process due to its degenerative nature and the consequent need to alter the treatment plan. During the fourth or fifth year of the disease, an assessment is most likely to reveal:
impairments in recent and remote memory, delusions, fluent aphasia, and restlessness
122
For a diagnosis of Panic Disorder, the individual must have experienced:
recurrent unexpected panic attacks
123
The person experiencing a hallucination may or may not
be aware that the perceived stimulus is not real.
124
Narcissistic, Borderline, and Histrionic Personality Disorders share which of the following characteristics?
Affective instability (not grandiose sense of self)
125
The most effective treatment for Tobacco Use Disorders in terms of both short- and long-term effects combines:
nicotine replacement therapy with behavioral interventions
126
The diagnosis of Adjustment Disorder requires the development of symptoms within ___ month(s) of the onset of the stressor.
3
127
Various studies have also demonstrated that about _____ percent of people who have a lifetime diagnosis with GAD have a comorbid psychiatric disorder.
80 to 90
128
In the DSM-5, dissociative fugue is:
a specifier for Dissociative Amnesia
129
John Conger (1956) offered the tension-reduction model of alcohol consumption as an explanation for:
addiction
130
To assign a diagnosis of a Personality Disorder to someone under the age of 18, the features must be present for at least:
1 year
131
Fatigue, increased appetite, and vivid dreams
Stimulant withdrawal (think “you’re tired from cocaine and it was suppressing your appetite)
132
Pupillary dilation, nausea, and muscular weakness
Stimulant intoxication (hyper aware, feel like crap)
133
hand tremor, insomnia, hallucinations, and seizures
Symptoms of Alcohol Withdrawal
134
A psychologist develops a theory of alcohol abuse that describes it as the result of a combination of a genetic predisposition toward alcoholism and exposure to certain environmental factors. The psychologist's theory is an example of the ____________ model.
diathesis-stress
135
In Alzheimer's disease, neuron loss occurs throughout the brain. However, the greatest loss is in which of the following areas?
Medial temporal lobe
136
For a person diagnosed with Social Anxiety Disorder, panic attacks are:
cued by specific social situations
137
Studies investigating the genetic contribution to major depression have found that rates of the disorder among first-degree biological relatives:
are approximately 1.5 to 3 times higher than the rate for the general population
138
Research investigating the effectiveness of neurofeedback as a treatment for ADHD has generally found which of the following?
It is an effective approach and exerts its strongest impact on symptoms of inattention and impulsivity
139
For people diagnosed with Specific Phobia, blood-injection-injury type (with fainting):
relaxation techniques are normally contraindicated
140
According to the DSM-5, a clinician should assign a diagnosis of ADHD, combined presentation when a child exhibits:
at least six symptoms of inattention and at least six symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity
141
Annabelle, age 32, is brought to a clinician by her sister who says she thinks Annabelle is in a cult. She states that Annabelle used to be a very fun-loving, intellectually curious, and affectionate individual, but since she became affiliated with this group over two years ago, she "doesn't seem to be the same person." The clinician notices that Annabelle is very quiet, doesn't make eye contact, and appears "zoned out." When her sister reaches out to touch her, Annabelle flinches as if in pain. Annabelle states that she's a "new person" now and can "see reality for what it really is." Based on this information, the most likely DSM-5 diagnosis for Annabelle is:
Other Specified Dissociative Disorder
142
In the DSM-5, the level of severity of an Alcohol Use Disorder and other Substance Use Disorders is determined by:
the number of symptoms
143
As defined in the DSM-5, a diagnosis of ADHD, predominantly inattentive presentation is assigned when a child exhibits:
at least six symptoms of inattention and fewer than six symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity
144
Research on the effectiveness of SSRIs has demonstrated that:
a higher dose of an SSRI is usually required when treating OCD than when treating depression
145
Stead et al.'s (2012) review of the literature found that ________ is the most effective form of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation.
nicotine nasal spray
146
The best diagnosis for an individual who demonstrates a problematic pattern of alcohol use and meets criteria for four symptoms of a Substance Use Disorder is:
Moderate Alcohol Use Disorder.
147
A person with Dissociative Amnesia in unable to recall anything that happened to her during the first few hours following her physical assault. As defined in the DSM-5, this is referred to as:
localized amnesia
148
Research investigating the efficacy of phototherapy as a treatment for Seasonal Affective Disorder has generally found that it is:
an effective treatment and produces results comparable to those produced by antidepressant drugs.
149
The diagnosis of Cyclothymic Disorder requires a minimum duration of symptoms for:
two years in adults and one year in children and adolescents.
150
A 58-year-old woman presents to your mental health clinic with her husband. She seems agitated and during your interview with her, she paces back and forth and engages in frequent handwringing. The woman says she's been feeling very sad and hopeless, and she also tells you that she thinks her next-door neighbor has tried to poison her food several times because she has been so unfriendly toward him, although the husband confirms this is untrue. The woman's husband says that his wife has been gradually losing interest in her usual activities over the past several weeks but that her symptoms became worse a few days ago. Based on this information, the most likely diagnosis is:
Major Depressive Disorder.
151
Interventions for individuals diagnosed with Conduct Disorder are most effective when:
they begin before adolescence and include family interventions.
152
In comparison to bilateral ECT, unilateral ECT to the right (nondominant) hemisphere:
produces less anterograde amnesia for both verbal and nonverbal tasks
153
For some adolescents and adults, it may be difficult to distinguish ADHD from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder due to an overlap in symptoms. ADHD may be difficult to distinguish from OCD because the individual with ADHD:
may attempt to compensate for his or her attention deficits by developing repetitive routines.
154
Researchers have linked Major Depressive Disorder to all of the following sleep disturbances except:
increased slow-wave (non-REM) sleep.
155
Of the following aspects of memory, which is least likely to be adversely affected by mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease?
procedural
156
According to Aaron Beck, the core link between depression and suicide is:
feelings of hopelessness
157
The essential feature of a Substance Use Disorder is the presence of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms indicating that the individual:
continues using the substance despite significant substance-related problems
158
Which of the following disorders is least likely to be associated with Tourette's Disorder?
Separation Anxiety Disorder
159
The most frequent co-diagnosis for children with a learning disorder is ADHD, with approximately _____% of children with a learning disorder also receiving the latter diagnosis.
20 to 30
