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Trisha's Board Review Flash Cards > Physio + Patho : Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Physio + Patho : Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

Infarct in anteroseptal wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

V1-V2

Left anterior descending artery

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2
Q

Infarct in anterolateral wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

V4-V6

Left curcumflex artery

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3
Q

Infarct in lateral wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

I, aVL

Left circumflex artery

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4
Q

Infarct in inferior wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

II, III, aVF

Right coronary artery

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5
Q

Boot shaped heart in xray is sec to RVH as seen in TOF. What findings are most evident during tet spells

A

Increased cyanosis and tacchypnea

Decrease/absence of murmur

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6
Q

Egg on string appearance on xray

A

Transposition of Great arteries

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7
Q 
Components of TOF except
Pulmonary stenosis
VSD
Overridding of aorta
RVH
Pulmonary atresia
A

Pulmonary atresia

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8
Q

Angina will present in CAD narrowing of ___%

A

> 70%

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9
Q

Angina which presents as ST elevation on ECG

A

prinzmetal’s variant

Sec to coronary a spasm

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10
Q

Most common cause of sudden cardiac death

A

Ventricular fibrillation

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11
Q

Edema in CHF is caused by what mechanism?

A

RV failure –> inc venous pressure –> inc. Hydrostatic pressure in capillaries –> fluid transudation

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12
Q

MC valve implicated in Bacterial endocarditia in IV drug abusers

A

Tricuspid valve

Mitral MC otherwise

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13
Q

Type of hypersensitivity reAction seen in RHD

A

Type II

Antibodies to M protein

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14
Q 
Pulsus paradoxus seen in ff except
Cardiac tamponade
CHF
Asthma
OSA
pericarditis 
Croup
Cardiac malignancy
A

CHF

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15
Q

Pedia px presents with abdominal pain, melena, arthralgia. PE reveals palpable radh on LEGS and BUTTOCKS

A

Henoch schonlein purpura

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16
Q

85y/F, jaw claudication, impaired vision and freq unilateral HA. Branches of carotid a with focal granulomatous lesions. Dx?

A

Temporal arteritis

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17
Q

35/F, fever, arthritis, night sweats, myalgia, skin nodules. On pe notes weak pulses on upper extremities. Dx?

A

Takayasu’s Arteritis

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18
Q

Noted persistent lymphedema post MRM. Dx?

A

Lymphangiosarcoma

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19
Q

Malignant hypertension tx

A

Nitroprisside, fenoldopam, diazoxide

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20
Q

Anianginal tx that would affect afterload

A

B blockers

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21
Q

Anianginal tx that would affect preload and could cause reflex tachycardia

A

Nitrates

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22
Q

Half life of digoxin

A

40 hrs

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23
Q

Gold standard in assesssment of anatomy and physiology of heart and associated coronary arteries

A

Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography

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24
Q

Imaging modalities of choice for alrtic aneurysm or aortic dissection

A

CT scan and MRI

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25
Q

Dxtic of choice for anatomic and hemodynamic info regarding valve disease

A

2DECHO with DS

26
Q

Ideal imaging modality for cardiac emergencies

A

2DEcho

27
Q

Major noninvasive marker of increased risk of CV morbidity and mortality

A

LVH

28
Q

Majr determinants of myocardial oxygen demand

A

HR , contractility, myocardial wall tension

29
Q

Peaked t waves, prolonged qt d/t ST segment lengthening, LVH

Indicative of…

A

Chronic renal failure

30
Q

Wide qrs, short pr, delta waves

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

31
Q

Most common arrhythmia mechanism

A

Reentry

32
Q

Most common arryhthymia in acute cor pulmonale due to pulmonary embolism

A

Sinus tachycardia

33
Q

Most common sustained (>30sec) arrhythmia

A

Atrial fibrillation

34
Q

Most common post MI arrhythmia

A

Premature Ventricular Contraction

35
Q

Fastest conduction in heart is found i

A

Bundle of his

36
Q

MC cause of systolic left sided heart failure

A

CAD

37
Q

MC cause of sdiastolic L sided heart failure

A

LVH due to hypertension

38
Q

Earliest cardinal SYMPTOM of l sided failure

A

Dyspnea

39
Q

Earliest cardinal symptom of L sided heart failure

A

L sided S3

40
Q

Hallmark of Rsided HF

A

Peripheral ankle edema

41
Q

Most sensitive index of cariac fxn

A

Ejection fraction

42
Q

Gold standard for assessing LV mass and volume

A

MRI

43
Q

Inotropic agent for acute HF

A

Dobutamine

44
Q

First choice of tx in acute HF where modest inotropy and pressor support is required

A

Dopamine

45
Q

Valvular Heart Disease : opening snap, RHD, afib

A

Mitral stenosis

46
Q

Valvular Heart Disease : pansystolic murmur

A

Mitral regurgitation

47
Q

Valvular Heart Disease : midsystolic click, marfans

A

Mitral valve prolapse

48
Q

Valvular Heart Disease : causes syncope in exercise, midsystoli murmur

A

Aortic stenosis

49
Q

Valvular Heart Disease : widened pulse pressure

A

Aortic regurgitation / insufficiency

50
Q

Most prominen location of kerley b lines seen in congestion

A

Lower and midlung fields

51
Q

Papullary muscle usually involved in acute mitral regurg because of single blood supply

A

Posteromedial papillary muscle

52
Q

MC congenital heart valve defect

A

Bicuspid aortic valve disease

53
Q

Px with severe chest pain esp when lying down. You suspect pericarditis. ECG would show diffuse st segment elevation except in which leads?

A

V1, avr, avl

54
Q

Definitive tx of constrictive pericarditis

A

Pericardial resection

55
Q

Temporay dilated cardiomyopathy due to stress

A

Tako-Tsubo syndrome

56
Q

Crossfitter rushed to ER because of sudden cardiac death. What to expect in autopsy of heart

A

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy

57
Q

Most common toxin associated with dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Alcohol

58
Q

MC primary malignant pericardial tumor

A

Mesothelioma

59
Q

CHD associated with congenital rubella syndrome

A

PDA

60
Q

CHD associated with infants of diabetic mothers

A

TOGA

61
Q

CHD snowman sign or cottage loaf heart on cxr

A

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return

62
Q

Infarct in anterior wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

V1-V4

Left Anterior Descending Artery

Trisha's Board Review Flash Cards (25 decks)

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