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Trisha's Board Review Flash Cards > Physio + Patho : Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Physio + Patho : Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

Infarct in anteroseptal wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

V1-V2

Left anterior descending artery

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2
Q

Infarct in anterolateral wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

V4-V6

Left curcumflex artery

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3
Q

Infarct in lateral wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

I, aVL

Left circumflex artery

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4
Q

Infarct in inferior wall would show q waves in _____.

Blood supply affected?

A

II, III, aVF

Right coronary artery

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5
Q

Boot shaped heart in xray is sec to RVH as seen in TOF. What findings are most evident during tet spells

A

Increased cyanosis and tacchypnea

Decrease/absence of murmur

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6
Q

Egg on string appearance on xray

A

Transposition of Great arteries

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7
Q 
Components of TOF except
Pulmonary stenosis
VSD
Overridding of aorta
RVH
Pulmonary atresia
A

Pulmonary atresia

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8
Q

Angina will present in CAD narrowing of ___%

A

> 70%

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9
Q

Angina which presents as ST elevation on ECG

A

prinzmetal’s variant

Sec to coronary a spasm

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10
Q

Most common cause of sudden cardiac death

A

Ventricular fibrillation

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11
Q

Edema in CHF is caused by what mechanism?

A

RV failure –> inc venous pressure –> inc. Hydrostatic pressure in capillaries –> fluid transudation

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12
Q

MC valve implicated in Bacterial endocarditia in IV drug abusers

A

Tricuspid valve

Mitral MC otherwise

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13
Q

Type of hypersensitivity reAction seen in RHD

A

Type II

Antibodies to M protein

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14
Q 
Pulsus paradoxus seen in ff except
Cardiac tamponade
CHF
Asthma
OSA
pericarditis 
Croup
Cardiac malignancy
A

CHF

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15
Q

Pedia px presents with abdominal pain, melena, arthralgia. PE reveals palpable radh on LEGS and BUTTOCKS

A

Henoch schonlein purpura

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16
Q

85y/F, jaw claudication, impaired vision and freq unilateral HA. Branches of carotid a with focal granulomatous lesions. Dx?

A

Temporal arteritis

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17
Q

35/F, fever, arthritis, night sweats, myalgia, skin nodules. On pe notes weak pulses on upper extremities. Dx?

A

Takayasu’s Arteritis

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18
Q

Noted persistent lymphedema post MRM. Dx?

A

Lymphangiosarcoma

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19
Q

Malignant hypertension tx

A

Nitroprisside, fenoldopam, diazoxide

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20
Q

Anianginal tx that would affect afterload

A

B blockers

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21
Q

Anianginal tx that would affect preload and could cause reflex tachycardia

A

Nitrates

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22
Q

Half life of digoxin

A

40 hrs

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23
Q

Gold standard in assesssment of anatomy and physiology of heart and associated coronary arteries

A

Cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography

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24
Q

Imaging modalities of choice for alrtic aneurysm or aortic dissection

A

CT scan and MRI

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25
Dxtic of choice for anatomic and hemodynamic info regarding valve disease
2DECHO with DS
26
Ideal imaging modality for cardiac emergencies
2DEcho
27
Major noninvasive marker of increased risk of CV morbidity and mortality
LVH
28
Majr determinants of myocardial oxygen demand
HR , contractility, myocardial wall tension
29
Peaked t waves, prolonged qt d/t ST segment lengthening, LVH | Indicative of...
Chronic renal failure
30
Wide qrs, short pr, delta waves
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
31
Most common arrhythmia mechanism
Reentry
32
Most common arryhthymia in acute cor pulmonale due to pulmonary embolism
Sinus tachycardia
33
Most common sustained (>30sec) arrhythmia
Atrial fibrillation
34
Most common post MI arrhythmia
Premature Ventricular Contraction
35
Fastest conduction in heart is found i
Bundle of his
36
MC cause of systolic left sided heart failure
CAD
37
MC cause of sdiastolic L sided heart failure
LVH due to hypertension
38
Earliest cardinal SYMPTOM of l sided failure
Dyspnea
39
Earliest cardinal symptom of L sided heart failure
L sided S3
40
Hallmark of Rsided HF
Peripheral ankle edema
41
Most sensitive index of cariac fxn
Ejection fraction
42
Gold standard for assessing LV mass and volume
MRI
43
Inotropic agent for acute HF
Dobutamine
44
First choice of tx in acute HF where modest inotropy and pressor support is required
Dopamine
45
Valvular Heart Disease : opening snap, RHD, afib
Mitral stenosis
46
Valvular Heart Disease : pansystolic murmur
Mitral regurgitation
47
Valvular Heart Disease : midsystolic click, marfans
Mitral valve prolapse
48
Valvular Heart Disease : causes syncope in exercise, midsystoli murmur
Aortic stenosis
49
Valvular Heart Disease : widened pulse pressure
Aortic regurgitation / insufficiency
50
Most prominen location of kerley b lines seen in congestion
Lower and midlung fields
51
Papullary muscle usually involved in acute mitral regurg because of single blood supply
Posteromedial papillary muscle
52
MC congenital heart valve defect
Bicuspid aortic valve disease
53
Px with severe chest pain esp when lying down. You suspect pericarditis. ECG would show diffuse st segment elevation except in which leads?
V1, avr, avl
54
Definitive tx of constrictive pericarditis
Pericardial resection
55
Temporay dilated cardiomyopathy due to stress
Tako-Tsubo syndrome
56
Crossfitter rushed to ER because of sudden cardiac death. What to expect in autopsy of heart
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
57
Most common toxin associated with dilated cardiomyopathy
Alcohol
58
MC primary malignant pericardial tumor
Mesothelioma
59
CHD associated with congenital rubella syndrome
PDA
60
CHD associated with infants of diabetic mothers
TOGA
61
CHD snowman sign or cottage loaf heart on cxr
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
62
Infarct in anterior wall would show q waves in _____. | Blood supply affected?
V1-V4 | Left Anterior Descending Artery

Trisha's Board Review Flash Cards (25 decks)

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