Physics Flashcards Part 1

Question 1

Properties of an Alpha particle (Four)

Answer 1

• Very easily stopped
• Strongly affected by a magnetic field
• Not penetrating
• Can’t travel far

Question 2

8 energy types

Answer 2

Could Karen Grab Ellie’s Massive Elephant Next Thursday
-chemical
- Kinetic
- Gravitational potential
- Elastic potential
- Magnetic
- Electrical
- Nuclear
- Thermal

Question 3

When does radiation of waves work happen?

Answer 3

This occurs when sound, light, or mechanical waves transfer energy from one place to another (water waves)

Question 4

Describe longitudinal waves

Answer 4

Vibrations are parallel to direction of energy travel
- Need compression to push against each other to transfer the energy

Question 5

What is wasted energy

Answer 5

Energy that is transferred by an undesired pathway

Question 6

What is a half-life

Answer 6

Time it takes for half of an unstable nuclei in a sample to decay or for the activity of the sample to halve

Question 7

Properties of gamma radiation (Five)

Answer 7

• MOST penetrating
• Has no mass
• Electromagnetic waves
• Stopped by lead
• Not affected by a magnetic field

Question 8

When does thermal work happen?

Answer 8

When a thermal energy transfers FROM a hotter object to a cooler object (E.g. Tea cooling down)

Question 9

What does Internal Energy consist of?

Answer 9

Kinetic and Potential energy

Question 10

What do numbers at top and bottom of an element represent/mean?

Answer 10

Top is no. of protons + neutrons

Bottom is Atomic number = no. of protons

Question 11

Principle of the conservation of energy

Answer 11

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Question 12

What is a closed system?

Answer 12

A system where no energy transfers take place out or into the energy stores

Question 13

Properties of Beta radiation (Three)

Answer 13

• More penetrating than Alpha
• Lighter than Alpha radiation
• Affected by a magnetic field

Question 14

What do vectors measure?

Answer 14

Magnitude + Direction

Question 15

What is conservation of momentum?

Answer 15

The total momentum before a collision is the same as the total momentum after a collision

Question 16

Newton’s Second Law

Answer 16

The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object TIMES its acceleration

Question 17

Newton’s first law

Answer 17

A body will remain at rest, and a body in motion will remain in motion unless it is acted upon by an external force

Question 18

What do step-down transformers do?

Answer 18

Step-down transformers change the potential difference to a lower voltage before it enters our homes. It needs to be at a lower voltage to make it safe.

Question 19

What do step-up transformers do?

Answer 19

• Step- up transformers increase the potential difference of the electricity.
• It is transmitted at a very high voltage to minimise energy wasted.

Question 20

What is the national grid?

Answer 20

• Network of transformers, pylons and electrical cables.
• These connect power stations to users (e.g. homes, factories, schools)

Question 21

What is a direct current?

Answer 21

Means the current and potential difference is always in the SAME direction

Question 22

What is potential difference?
What is it measured in?

Answer 22

• The amount of energy given to each coulomb of charge
• Coulombs

Question 23

What is electrical resistance?

Answer 23

How difficult it is for the charged particles (electrons) to move