Biology Flashcards 4 - DNA, Hormones, classification, evolution, alleles, platelets/blood

Question 1

What 4 bases is DNA made up of?

Answer 1

• Adenine (A)
• Thymine (T)
• Guamine (G)
• Cytosine (C)

Question 2

How do hormones travel from gland to gland?

Answer 2

Bloodstream

Question 3

What function does FSH play?

Answer 3

FSH triggers the growth of eggs in the ovaries and gets them ready for ovulation.

Question 4

What function does LH play?

Answer 4

LH triggers the release of the egg. This is called ovulation.

Question 5

What can you use peat from peat bogs for? (Two)

Answer 5

• Can be used for soil (fertiliser - they increase biodiversity)
• Burn as fuel

Question 6

What domain are fungi in?

Answer 6

Eurkaryote

Question 7

which characteristics are features of organisms in the domain Archaea?

Answer 7

• Can survive extreme conditions
• Cytoplasm contains DNA

Question 8

Three types of evidence to classify living things? (Two)

Answer 8

• Chemical analysis
• Internal cell structures with light microscope
• DNA/Genetic analysis

Question 9

Evolution process

Answer 9

Beneficial genetic mutation means that a creature is more likely to survive, they reproduce, and pass this gene down.

Question 10

How can you tell if two birds are of the same species?

Answer 10

Same phenotype
Same genotype

Question 11

How does adrenaline reduce reaction time?

Answer 11

Increases blood flow to the brain and muscles.

Question 12

What is the gap between the sensory neurone and relay neurone (between neurones)?

Answer 12

Synapse

Question 13

What does it mean to be heterozygous?

Answer 13

Having one recessive and one dominant allele

Question 14

How to increase biodiversity? (Three)

Answer 14

• Plant a wider variety of crops/reduce monoculture
• Reduce use of pesticides
• Breeding programmes for endangered species

Question 15

What does phenotype mean?

Answer 15

Observable characteristics

Question 16

What does genotype mean?

Answer 16

Genetic makeup of an organism

Question 17

Explain the process of developing a condition despite parents not having any alleles (Four stages)

Answer 17

• mutation
• during meiosis
• causing a change in amino acids sequence
• This means a specific protein is produced leading to the condition

Question 18

How is an equilibrium reached?

Answer 18

When the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction