Physics Flashcards
Uniform Motion
The term used to describe an object moving in a straight line at a constant speed
Average Speed
Uniform motion that involves travelling a certain distance in a specific time
How do you graph uniform motion?
The slope of a distance-time graph is a visual representation of the speed of an object.
The greater or steeper the slope indicates a faster speed
What is the formula to calculate speed?
Speed = distance/time
Scalar
Has magnitude only
Vector
Has magnitude and direction
What is speed?
A scalar quantity that gives the rate of motion for an object
What is the formula to calculate the average speed?
Average speed = distance travelled/time elapsed
What is velocity?
A vector quantity that gives the rate of motion and direction for an object
What is the formula for velocity?
Velocity = displacement/time elapsed
What is distance?
How far something moves
A scalar quantity
What is displacement?
The distance and direction of an object’s change in position from it’s starting point
A vector quantity
Acceleration
Is the change in velocity per time interval
It is a vector quantity
What is the formula for acceleration?
Acceleration = change in velocity/time interval
Force
Is defined as a push or pull
Mad magnitude and direction so it is a vector quantity
Is measured in Newton’s
Can change shape or motion of an object
What is the formula for force?
F = m*a
Force = mass*acceleration
Work
Work is done when force moves an object through a distance
Is scalar
What are the conditions for work to take place?
- There must be movement
- There must be force applied
- Force and distance moved must be in the same direction
What is the formula for work?
W = F*d
Work = force*distance
Potential Energy
Is stored energy
Has the potential to make change occur
Useless unless converted to another form
What is the formula for potential energy?
E = mgh
E = massgravity(9.81)height
Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy of an object due to its position above the surface of the earth
Kinetic Energy
Is the energy due to the motion of an object
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
E = 1/2m*v^2
E = 1/2mass*speed^2
Mechanical Energy
Is the energy associated with the motion and position of the object
What is the formula for mechanical energy?
Mechanical Energy = Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy
What are the three types of systems?
Open systems
Closed systems
Isolated systems
What is an open system?
Exchanges both matter and energy with its surroundings
What is a closed system?
Cannot exchange matter but can exchange energy with its surroundings
What is an isolated system?
Cannot exchange matter or energy with its surroundings
What is the formula for the energy in a system?
Energy in a system = heat + work
What are the two laws of thermodynamics?
States that the total energy, including heat, in a system and its surroundings remains constant
States that heat always flows naturally from a hot object to a cold object, but never from a cold object to a hot object
What is the formula to calculate the percentage of efficiency?
Percent efficiency = (output/input)*100
