Physics

Question 1

Scalar Quantity

Answer 1

A quantity that describes the magnitude (size of amount) but not direction.

Question 2

Vector Quantity

Answer 2

A quantity that describes magnitude and direction.

Question 3

Distance (Δd)

Answer 3

• Scalar quantity.
• The length travelled or between two points.
• Units – m, km, cm, etc.

Question 4

Displacement (Δ→d)

Answer 4

• Vector quantity.
• The straight line distance from one point to another with direction.
• The change in a position of an object from a reference point.
• Units – m, km, cm, etc.

Question 5

Speed (v)

Answer 5

• Scalar quantity.
• Speed is a change is distance over a certain amount of time.
• Units can be expressed in m/s, km/h, etc.

Question 6

Velocity (v →)

Answer 6

• Vector quantity.
• velocity is a change in position (or displacement) over a certain amount of time.
• Units can express in m/s, km/h, etc. (with direction)

Question 7

Acceleration (a)

Answer 7

• Vector quantity.
• Acceleration is change in velocity over a certain amount of time.
• Units can be expressed as m/s^2, km/h^2, etc.

Question 8

Force (F)

Answer 8

• Defined as any push or pull on an object.
• Units of force are expressed in Newtons (N).

Question 9

Newton’s First Law

Answer 9

• An object in motion will stay in motion unless otherwise acted upon by an unbalanced force.
• An object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Question 10

Newton’s Second Law

Answer 10

• When an unbalanced force is exerted upon an object it will speed up (accelerate) or slow down.

Question 11

Newton’s Third Law

Answer 11

• For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 12

Energy

Answer 12

• A measure of an objects ability to do work.
• More energy means you can do more work.

Question 13

Work

Answer 13

• Defined as the transfer of energy from one object to another. When you exert a force on an object over a distance, you are doing work. - Units of work are expressed in Joules.

Question 14

Potential Energy (Ep)

Answer 14

• Energy due to an object’s position or condition. It is potential for an object to do work.
• Units of potential energy are like those of work (J, Kj).

Question 15

Kinetic Energy (Ek)

Answer 15

• The energy of motion. It occurs when potential energy is released.
• Units are the same as W and Ep (J or Kj).

Question 16

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 16

• Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only converted from one to another.

Question 17

Second law of Thermodynamics

Answer 17

• No conversion is 100% efficient.

Question 18

Caloric Theory

Answer 18

• Proposed that caloric/heat was a massless fluid that was found in all substances.
• Can be neither created nor destroyed but could flow.

Question 19

Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Answer 19

• Kinetic energy causes particles in a substance to move faster.
• Heat is now scientifically referred to as thermal energy and is defined as the transfer of thermal energy to a substance.

Question 20

What is Heat?

Answer 20

The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another.

• The term “Heat” has been replaced with thermal energy.

Question 21

What is Temperature?

Answer 21

The average kinetic energy of the atoms in a substance.

• It is NOT a measure of the amount of thermal energy added to a substance because different substances require different amounts of energy to raise the temperature.

Question 22

What is Thermodynamics?

Answer 22

The field of Physics that deals with the transfer of thermal energy.