Chemistry - Chapter 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Dalton Model
A
- Atom was the smallest particle of matter
- Atoms could not be created or destroyed
2
Q
Thompson Model
A
Also known as the “Plum Pudding Model”
- Atom consisted of one large positively charged sphere filled with small negatively charged particles.
3
Q
Rutherford Model
A
- The first model to suggest a positively charged nucleus with positive protons and all the mass. Surrounded by electrons.
4
Q
Bohr Model
A
- Electrons have a fixed energy and move in circular paths at fixed distances.
5
Q
Electron Cloud Model
A
- Electrons have distinct energy levels, but the exact location of the electrons is not known, but its probable location can be known.
6
Q
Where do you find the atomic number of an element?
A
The top left.
7
Q
What does the atomic number tell you about an element?
A
The number of protons.
8
Q
What particle does not contribute to the mass of an atom?
A
Electrons because they are much smaller.
9
Q
What is the difference between the Atomic Mass and Atomic Number?
A
The number tells you the number of protons. The mass tells you the weight of the protons and neutrons.
10
Q
What are isotopes of an atom?
A
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons.
11
Q
Alkali Metals
A
Group 1
- Very soft, shiny silver-coloured metals.
- Very reactive (especially with halogens)
-Reacts violently with water.
12
Q
Alkaline Earth Metals
A
Group 2
- React vigorously with some substances but unreactive with alkali metals.
- React with oxygen to form oxides.
13
Q
Halogens
A
Group 17
- Reacts vigorously with every element.
- Combine with hydrogen to make acids.
- Reactivity increases from bottom to top.
14
Q
Noble Gasses
A
Group 18
- All gases are room temp.
- Very low reactivity.
- Outermost energy levels are full.
