Physics Flashcards
Explain the kinetic molecular theory.
- Kinetic energy causes particles in a substance
to move faster. - Heat is now scientifically referred to as thermal
energy, and is defined as the transfer of thermal
energy to a substance.
What is a calorie?
The amount of energy required to raise the
temperature of 1.0g of water by 1.0C.
1 cal = 4.186 J of energy.
Fill in the blank:
Heat: transfer of thermal energy from one object to another.
The term “heat” has been replaced with __________.
Thermal energy
Fill in the blank:
Specific heat capacity differs by ________; it is the
amount of energy required to raise the temperature of ___ of that
substance by ___.
- Substance
- 1g
- 1c
What is temperature?
The average kinetic energy of the atoms in a substance
(It is NOT a measure of the amount of thermal energy added to a
substance)
What is thermodynamics?
The field of Physics that deals with the
transfer of thermal energy
What are the two of three laws of thermodynamics?
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be
transformed from one form to another, or transferred from
one object to another. - It is not possible for any process to remove thermal energy
from one source and convert it entirely into work.
(nothing is 100% efficient.)
What is combustion?
The burning of a fuel; it occurs inside the engine and
converts the liquid fuel into gases, as well as heating the air.
What is the difference between scalar vs vector coefficients?
Scalar: No direction
Vector: Direction
What is energy?
The ability to do work
What is work?
Transfer of mechanical energy from object to another
Fill in the blank:
The direction of both the applied force and the motion of the object
must be ____.
Parallel
What is the formula for work?
W(J) = F(N)d(m)
Fill in the blank:
The ____ under the curve of a Force Distance graph determines the
amount of ____ performed:
- Area
- Work
Fill in the blank:
If the line on the graph is not straight (it is curved), estimate the area under the curve by determining the ___ of each ___ on the graph and counting the approximate _______________ under the line.
- Area
- Square
- Number of squares
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
1/2 mv^2
What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
E = mgh
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass (g or kg): The quantity of matter in an object. All matter has mass. It is a scalar quantity
Weight (N): A force an object exerts. It is a vector quantity
What is a machine?
Any mechanical object that makes a job easier. All machines are
designed to convert from one form of energy into another.
What is the formula for efficiency?
Ef = Useful E/Input E x 100
