Chemistry

Question 1

Name the different atomic models in order from oldest to newest.

Answer 1

John Dalton, J J Thompson, Thomas Rutherford, Niels Bohr

Question 2

Connect all the following families to groups respectivly :

Alkali Metals
Alkali Earth Metals
Halogens
Nobel Gases

Answer 2

1, 2, 17, 18

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Metals tend to have __, __, or __ e- in their outermost energy level.

Answer 3

1, 2, or 3

Question 4

What is the difference between a Ionic and a Molecular bond?

Answer 4

Ionic:

Binary bonding
Non-metal + metal
Transfer of valence e-
More stable structuring

Molecular:

Two or more bonding of Ions
Non-metal + non-metal
Sharing of e- in a covalent bond
Can break apart easier

Question 5

What is the difference between Univalent, Multivalent, and Polyatomic Ions?

Answer 5

Univalent: More than one charge (ex: O^-2)
Multivalent: More than one charge (ex: Iron, +2 or +3)
Polyatomic Ions: Many atoms acting together as an Ion. (ex: PO4^-3)

Question 6

What is Arrhenius’ Theory?

Answer 6

A theory that suggests of acids releasing hydrogen Ions in a reaction with water, and bases releasing hydroxide Ions when dissolved in water.

Question 7

What are the properties of Water?

Answer 7

Common in all three states or phases
Solid is less dense than liquid
Have a bent shape
Water is polar: oxygen is electronegative(it attracts shared electrons)
which creates a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom. The
hydrogen atoms therefore have a partial positive charge

Question 8

What is a polar bond?

Answer 8

The attraction between - and + poles in different water
molecules

Question 9

What is the difference between Intermolecular and Intramolecular bonds?

Answer 9

Intramolecular: The forces that hold atoms together within a molecule.
Intermolecular : Forces that exist between molecules.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: If a solute dissolves in a solvent (typically water), it is said to be ______. Solubility can be ____ or ____.

Answer 10

Soluble, High (aq), Low (s)

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The solid formed when two solutions mix is referred to as the ____.

Answer 11

Precipitate

Question 12

What is the difference between chemical and physical changes?

Answer 12

Physical change: The appearance or form of the matter changes but the kind of matter in the substance does not.

Chemical change. The kind of matter changes and at least one new substance with new properties is formed.

Question 13

What are the five indicators of a chemical change?

Answer 13

1. energy change (endo/exo)
2. odor change
3. color change
4. formation of gas (bubbles)
5. formation of solid (precipitate)

Question 14

Name the following reaction:

X + Y ——-> XY

Answer 14

Synthesis/Composition

Question 15

Name the following reaction:

XY ——-> X + Y

Answer 15

Decomposition

Question 16

Name the following reaction:

A + BX ——-> B + AX
AX + B ——-> AB + X

Answer 16

Single Replacement

Question 17

Name the following reaction:
AB + CD ——-> AD + CB

Answer 17

Double Replacement

Question 18

Name the following reaction:

Fuel + O2 ——-> CO2 + H2O + Energy

Answer 18

Combustion

Question 19

What is a mole?

Answer 19

amount of substance that contains as many
atoms/molecules/formula units as 12g of Carbon12

1 mole contains 6.022 x10^23 units