Physics (12%) Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT generally true of metals?
(A) They are usually solid at room temperature.
(B) They are good conductors of heat and electricity.
(C) They easily form negative ions.
(D) They have luster.
(E) They can be hammered into sheets or rolled into wires.
(C) They easily form negative ions.
The amount of heat energy released when a certain type of candle is burned is 48,000 joules per gram of wax consumed. Which of the following expressions is equal to the number of grams of wax that need to be burned in order to raise the temperature of 500 grams of water from 20°C to 30°C, assuming all the heat released goes into heating the water? (The specific heat of water is 4.19J/g°C)
(A) (48,000)(10)(4.19) / 500 (B) (48,000)(4.19) / (500)(10) (C) (4.19)(10)(500) / 48,000 (D) (4.19)(500) / (10)(48,000) (E) (30)(4.19)(500) / (2)(48,000)
(C) (4.19)(10)(500) / 48,000
In any calculation for “Heat Transfer and Temperature Change), the heat transfer (Q) is usually represented in joules (J) and is ALWAYS divided by (/) m (mass) x specific heat (c) x T (change in temperature).
Remember: Q = m (x) c (x) T
(x) = multiplied by
How many joules of energy are absorbed by a 20.0 g sample of water as the temperature of the sample is raised from 273 K to 283 K? (The specific heat capacity of water is 4.2Jg−1k−1.)
(A) 42 J (B) 84 J (C) 200 J (D) 840 J (E) 4,200 J
(D) 840 J
Calculation: 20 * 4.2 * 10
Energy can be transferred from one place to another by which of the following?
I. Conduction
II. Convection
III. Radiation
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and II only (E) I, II, and III
(E) I, II, and III
Which of the following is true about a sinking parcel of air?
(A) It will decrease in pressure. (B) It will expand and cool. (C) It will be unstable. (D) It will compress and warm. (E) It will form clouds.
(D) It will compress and warm.
At a fixed pressure, when the temperature of a gas sample increases, its volume increases. This relationship between the temperature and the volume of a gas is best described as which of the following?
(A) Direct proportion (B) Inverse proportion (C) Limiting ratio (D) Hyperbolic function (E) Logarithmic function
(A) Direct proportion
x_____________y
/\
The balance shown above is in equilibrium at Earth’s surface, and the two arms have the same length d. Thus the two objects, X and Y (not necessarily drawn to scale), must have identical
(A) densities (B) masses (C) shapes (D) specific gravities (E) volumes
(B) masses
Which of the states of matter is being described? “A substance has a definite volume, but no definite shape.”
(A) solid (B) liquid (C) gas (D) plasma (E) none of the above
(B) liquid
Which of the following is true about the temperature of liquid water in a lake that has frozen over during the winter?
(A) The coldest water can be found at the lake bottom.
(B) The coldest water can be found at middle depths.
(C) The warmest water can be found at the lake bottom.
(D) The warmest water can be found at middle depths.
(E) The warmest water can be found just beneath the ice.
(C) The warmest water can be found at the lake bottom.
A person drops a rock from a height of 12 meters above Earth’s surface. The rock starts at rest and falls to the ground. At what height does the rock achieve half of its maximum kinetic energy?
(A) 12 meters (B) 9 meters (C) 6 meters (D) 3 meters (E) 0 meters
(C) 6 meters
To measure volume in SI units, you would use:
(A) kilograms (B) meters (C) liters (D) cups (E) gallons
(C) liters
_____ is energy that flows from an object and can increase the temperature of an object that is cooler.
(A) Heat (B) Temperature (C) Radiation (D) Convection (E) Conduction
(A) Heat
_____ is a measure of the average kinetic energy of that object.
(A) Heat (B) Temperature (C) Radiation (D) Convection (E) Conduction
(B) Temperature
The particles in a substance are always moving – even in a solid. The temperature at which the motion of the particles stops is called _____, or _____, though it has never been reached by any substance.
(A) Radiation, 1 Kelvin
(B) Absolute zero, 0 Kelvin
(C) Convection, 0 Kelvin
(D) Conduction, 1 Kelvin
(B) Absolute zero, 0 Kelvin
Radiation, convection, and conduction are the 3 common methods of _____.
(A) Thermodynamics
(B) Heat transfer
(C) Endothermic reactions
(D) Exothermic reactions
(B) Heat transfer
_____ is energy transferred by electromagnetic waves directly as a result of a temperature difference. An obvious example is the warming of the Earth by the Sun.
(A) Radiation
(B) Convection
(C) Conduction
(A) Radiation
_____ is the heat transfer by the macroscopic movement of a fluid. This type of transfer takes place in a forced-air furnace and in weather systems.
(A) Radiation
(B) Convection
(C) Conduction
(B) Convection
_____ is heat transfer through stationary matter by physical contact. (The matter is stationary on a macroscopic scale—we know there is thermal motion of the atoms and molecules at any temperature above absolute zero.) Heat transferred between the electric burner of a stove and the bottom of a pan is transferred by this,
(A) Radiation
(B) Convection
(C) Conduction
(C) Conduction
