Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Natural Sciences > Ecology and Population Biology (10%) > Flashcards

Ecology and Population Biology (10%) Flashcards

1
Q

Whereas the ultimate source of energy for most organisms is sunlight, the immediate source is

(A) chemical
(B) electrical 
(C) thermal 
(D) gravitational 
(E) radiant
A

(A) chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A hawk can have which of the following ecological roles?

I. Primary consumer
II. Secondary consumer
III. Tertiary consumer

(A) I only 
(B) II only 
(C) III only 
(D) I and II only 
(E) II and III only
A

(E) II and III only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The percentage of phosphates in commercial detergents was reduced primarily because phosphates were shown to

(A) be less effective cleaning agents than most other compounds
(B) build up in animal tissues and cause sterility
(C) cause cancer in animals
(D) cause birth defects in animals
(E) increase the growth rates of algae in lakes and rivers

A

(E) increase the growth rates of algae in lakes and rivers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The rate of population growth is constant in which of the following scenarios?

(A) natality is greater than mortality 
(B) mortality is greater than natality 
(C) natality and mortality are inversely proportional 
(D) natality is equal to mortality
(E) none of the above
A

(D) natality is equal to mortality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following best completes the statement below?
Among multicellular animals, the insects exhibit the greatest diversity of life-forms; therefore ______.

(A) the total number of insect species is limited
(B) the presence of wings on an insect is probably an evolutionary error
(C) insects probably occupy the greatest number of niches
(D) insect control by human beings is simplified
(E) any genetic mutation in fruit flies is likely to escape detection

A

(C) insects probably occupy the greatest number of niches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the following terrestrial biomes typically has the greatest species diversity?

(A) Tundra 
(B) Taiga 
(C) Deciduous forest 
(D) Chaparral 
(E) Tropical rain forest
A

(E) Tropical rain forest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The study of how organisms interact and influence (or are influenced by) their environment is called

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Population
(C) Ecology
(D) Niche

A

(C) Ecology

Eco – “home”, ology – “study of.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A group of populations within a given area, plus the environment they live in, is called

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Population
(C) Ecology
(D) Niche

A

(A) Ecosystem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The total number of a given species of organism within an ecosystem is called

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Population
(C) Ecology
(D) Niche

A

(B) Population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

An individual of a specific species is called

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Population
(C) Organism
(D) Niche

A

(C) Organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The populations that interact with each other within an ecosystem is called

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Population
(C) Community
(D) Niche

A

(C) Community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The portion of the earth that includes all living things *also includes atmosphere (air), lithosphere (ground), and hydrosphere (water), is called

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Biosphere
(C) Community
(D) Niche

A

(B) Biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The physical place where a species lives, which includes all biotic factors (living) and abiotic factors (nonliving), is called

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Biosphere
(C) Habitat
(D) Niche

A

(C) Habitat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The role a species plays within an ecosystem, its place in the food chain, is called

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Biosphere
(C) Habitat
(D) Niche

A

(D) Niche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

_____ - organisms interact with their environment in order to obtain the resources and energy necessary to live, creating cycles of energy and resources that allow the community to survive.

(A) Ecosystem
(B) Biosphere
(C) Ecological Cycles
(D) Niche

A

(C) Ecological Cycles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

All life requires energy to live, and energy can neither be _____ nor _____.

(A) balanced, enhanced
(B) harnessed, developed
(C) made, destroyed
(D) harnessed, focused

A

(C) made, destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Animals that feed only on other animals are called

(A) Carnivores
(B) Omnivores
(C) Herbivores

A

(A) Carnivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Animals that consume other animals, as well photosynthetic organisms are

(A) Carnivores
(B) Omnivores
(C) Herbivores

A

(B) Omnivores

19
Q

Animals that eat exclusively plants are

(A) Carnivores
(B) Omnivores
(C) Herbivores

A

(C) Herbivores

20
Q

The levels in the food chain are called

(A) Tertiary levels
(B) Secondary levels
(C) Trophic levels
(D) Primary levels

A

(C) Trophic levels

21
Q

Trophic levels: the Primary Producers are also called _____, as they produce their own food.

(A) Carnivores
(B) Omnivores
(C) Herbivores
(D) Autotrophs

A

(D) Autotrophs

22
Q

The 4 Trophic Levels are Primary Producer, Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, and _____ Consumer.

(A) Final
(B) Tertiary
(C) End
(D) Chief

A

(B) Tertiary

23
Q

Two major factors affect the rate of population growth: _____ and _____.

(A) Exponential curve
(B) Natality
(C) Logistic curve
(D) Mortality
(E) B & D only
(F) A & C only
A

(E) B & D only

Birth rate (or natality), and Death rate (or mortality).

24
Q

There are two models for describing population growth: _____ and _____.

(A) Exponential curve
(B) Natality
(C) Logistic curve
(D) Mortality
(E) B & D only
(F) A & C only
A

(F) A & C only

The exponential curve (J curve), and the logistic curve (S curve).

25
Q

The _____ model describes a population where there is no limit on the population.

(A) Exponential curve
(B) Natality
(C) Logistic curve
(D) Mortality

A

(A) Exponential curve (J curve)

It’s called J curve because the line graph is in the shape of a J.

26
Q

The _____ model describes a population where the limits on the population growth are beginning to have an impact, and population growth is reaching an equilibrium state.

(A) Exponential curve
(B) Natality
(C) Logistic curve
(D) Mortality

A

(C) Logistic curve

It’s called S curve because the line graph is in the shape of a S.

27
Q

The limiting factors that keep population growth in check can be either _____ or _____.
(A) Natality, mortality
(B) Biotic, abiotic

A

(B) Biotic, abiotic

Biotic (living) or abiotic (nonliving).

28
Q

_____ means biological factors, like overpopulation and food supply.

(A) Abiotic
(B) Natiality
(C) Biotic
(D) Mortality

A

(C) Biotic

29
Q

_____ means physical factors, like fire and water conditions.

(A) Abiotic
(B) Natiality
(C) Biotic
(D) Mortality

A

(A) Abiotic

30
Q

_____ = number of organisms / area.

(A) Population
(B) Population density
(C) Area density
(D) Crowd density

A

(B) Population density

31
Q

Species will compete for limited resources and they may move in or out of an area to find new niches, a process called

(A) Aversion
(B) Dispersion
(C) Displacement

A

(B) Dispersion

Species may disperse via emigration (permanent), immigration (permanent), and migration (temporary…like birds).

32
Q

In some rare cases, one species will be wiped out by the other, a process called

(A) Displacement exclusion
(B) Dispersion exclusion
(C) Competitive exclusion

A

(C) Competitive exclusion

33
Q

A _____ is an organism that eats another for food.

(A) Prey
(B) Predator
(C) Species
(D) Apex

A

(B) Predator

34
Q

Species that interact with each other have a relationship called

(A) Symbiosis
(B) Mutualism
(C) Amensalism
(D) Parasitism

A

(A) Symbiosis

35
Q

_____ is a symbiotic relationship where both parties benefit from the interaction.

(A) Symbiosis
(B) Mutualism
(C) Amensalism
(D) Parasitism

A

(B) Mutualism

36
Q

_____ is where one species is neither harmed nor helped, while the other is inhibited.

(A) Symbiosis
(B) Mutualism
(C) Amensalism
(D) Parasitism

A

(C) Amensalism

37
Q

_____ is where one species benefits, and the other is harmed.

(A) Symbiosis
(B) Mutualism
(C) Amensalism
(D) Parasitism

A

(D) Parasitism

38
Q

The survival of a population is dependent upon maintaining a _____ size. When the population drops below this size, there is the potential for extinction, or elimination of that species.

(A) Maximal viable population
(B) Minimal viable population

A

(B) Minimal viable population

39
Q

_____ - the characteristics of a specific community.

(A) Community structure
(B) Closed community
(C) Open community
(D) Ecotones
(E) Succession
A

(A) Community structure

40
Q

A community can be _____ or _____.

(A) Right, wrong
(B) Viable, non-viable
(C) Open, closed
(D) Recessive, progressive

A

(C) Open, closed

41
Q

A closed community has defined boundaries called

(A) Ecotones
(B) Restrictive
(C) Adaptive
(D) Biomes

A

(A) Ecotones

42
Q

_____ are large areas of land with similar climate, flora, and fauna.

(A) Grasslands
(B) Biomes
(C) Savanna
(D) Boreal

A

(B) Biomes

43
Q

The Earth’s biomes are categorized into two major groups: _____ and _____.

(A) Terrestrial and aquatic
(B) Tropical and tundra
(C) Desert and boreal
(D) Savanna and mountains

A

(A) Terrestrial and aquatic

Terrestrial biomes are based on land, while aquatic biomes include both ocean and freshwater biomes.

Natural Sciences (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions