Physics 1: Kinematics & Newton Flashcards

1
Q

Newton’s First Law (Inertia)

A

An object in motion at constant velocity or at rest will stay that way, unless acted upon by an external force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Newton’s Second Law

A

F(net) = ma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Newton’s Third Law

A

F(AB) = -F(BA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Force on X

A

Product of (mass of X) and (acceleration of X) F=ma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If you have a POSITIVE net acceleration, he normal force must be ( > or < ) m*g

A

Greater than (>)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Fill in the blank with: ( > ) or ( < )

If you have a NEGATIVE net acceleration, the normal force must be _______ m*g

A

Less than (<)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

F(net) =

A

F(net) = F(N) - mg = m a(net)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Air resistance

A

Function of v^2 and k, where “k” is proportional to the density of air and the surface area of the mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Kinetic friction

A

f(k) =u(k)F(n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Static Force: F(s)

A

F(s) = F(applied)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fs(max)

A

minimum force required to get object to move = u(s)F(n)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Static and kinetic co-efficient relationship

A

µs is ALWAYS > µk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What forces are acting on a box at rest on an inclined plane

A

f(s) = f(applied) = mgsin(theta)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

fs(max)=

A

u(s)mgcos(theta)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

As the angle of an inclined plane (θ ) increases, what happens to the

a) applied force,
b) static force fs
c) MAXIMUM static friction (fs,max)?

A

As θ increases,

a) fapplied increases,
b) the static force increases
c) fs,max DECREASES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gravitational Force

A

F= (Gm1m2)/r2

Two masses will exert an attractive force on one another inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Uniform Circular Motion

A

The net force on an object moving at a constant speed on a circular path points toward the center of the circle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

F(centripetal)

A

F(c)=(mv^2)/r

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Centripetal Acceleration

A

a(c) = v^2/2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Circumference of a circle

A

C = 2(pi)r Conversion: 2(pi)rad = 360 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Theta of a circle (relation to arc length (s) and radius (r) )

A

theta= s/r

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Angular speed (w)

A

2(pi)f = v/r

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Torque

A

rotational analog of force is a vector Units: Newton meter (N*m) NOTE: Joules are (N*m) but scalar Torque= F*l l=(r)(sin(theta))

24
Q

Torque rotational convention

A

Torque > 0: Counterclockwise Torque < 0: Clockwise

25
Rotational equilibrium
An object is in rotational equilibrium when the sum of the torques acting on it is zero.
26
Work
Work=Fd cos (theta) SCALAR unit: joules "transfer of energy" N\*m = Joules
27
"Positive Work"
Work done on a system = transfer of energy INTO system. KE goes up
28
Energy
JOULES Kinetic Energy = (1/2)mv^2
29
Average Power (Watt)
Watt = Joules/second P=change in energy/change in time P= F\*v
30
Work Energy Theorum
Work(net) = change in KE +work: gain KE -work: lose KE
31
How much work is done by F(Grav) in a satellite moving in a circular orbit?
Work in a circle: speed isn't changing W(net) = change in KE = zero [although velocity IS changing bc the direction is changing, the SPEED is not. Speed is scalar)
32
Gravitational Potential Energy
U = mgh = F\*d
33
Types of PE
**1.Gravitational Potential Energy** 2. Elastic Potential Energy 3. Chemical Potential Energy **4.Electrical Potential Energy** **5.Nuclear Potential Energy**
34
Conservation of Mechanical Energy
When conservative forces act on an object, its total mechanical energy is conserved. Work(cons force) = [(delta) KE - [(delta) PE)]
35
Conservative Forces: i) Is Mechanical energy conserved? ii) Is it path independent? iii) Examples
i) Yes, Mech Energy is conserved ii) Yes, it is path independent iii) Ex: Gravity, Electrostatic, Elastic
36
Non-Conservative Forces: i) Is Mechanical energy conserved? ii) Is it path independent? iii) Examples
i) No, mech energy is NOT conserved ii) NO, it is NOT path independent iii) Ex: friction, drag, pushing+pulling (pressure) (don't forget energy lost to heat)
37
If you push a rock up a mountain, you raise its gravitational PE, but not its KE. Why does this not violate the Work-Energy Theorum?
Work(net) = Work(person put in) + Work(gravity) But W(person) is a non-conservative source added to the system. W(gravity) is a conservative source. Conservative forces only TRANSFER "funds". They never make you richer/poorer. (ie: Checking=KE; Savings=PE) W(net) - W(cons) = W(noncons) (delta)KE - (-(delta)PE) = (delta)KE + (delta)PE = W(noncons)
38
Conservation of Linear Momentum
The total momentum of a system of objects is conserved as long as no external forces act on that system. Momentum = p= vector.
39
Inlastic Collision
* When a collision results in production of heat, light, sound, or deformation **As long as no external forces are present: _Conservation of Momentum:_** m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1 +m2v2 **_No Conservation of Kinetic Energy_** KEi \> KE *because:* KEi = KEf + *Energy lost to heat or light* (1/2)m1v1i+ (1/2)m2v2i2 \> (1/2)m1v1f2 + (1/2)m2v22
40
Completely Elastic Collision
**_Conservation of Momentum:_** m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1 +m2v2 **_Conservation of Kinetic Energy_** KEi = KEf (1/2)m1v1i+ (1/2)m2v2i2 = (1/2)m1v1f2 + (1/2)m2v22
41
Inelastic Collision
Conservation of Momentum: m1v1 + m2v2 = m1va +m2v2 No Conservation of Energy: KE(initial) = KE(final) + heat and deformation energy
42
Totally inelastic collisions
* objects collide and stick together rather than bouncing off of each other and moving apart **_Conservation of Momentum_** m1v1i + m2v2i = (m1+m2)vf * Energy not Conserved:* * KE(initial) = KE(final) + heat and deformation energy*
43
Two objects with equal masses are moving toward each other with the same speed. How do they move after the collision if the collision is (i) elastic? (ii) totally inelastic?
i) Velocities maintain same speed but switch directions ii) they stop: m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1 + m2)vf vf = zero. (so they stop)
44
Impulse
A force applied to an object over time causes a change in the object's momentum called an impulse. I = (delta)p = F(avg)\*(delta)t
45
Power
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/27/224927.20.revNPhysicsWork03img04.jpg)
46
Work Energy Theorum
a direct relationship between the work done by all the forces acting on an object and the change in kinetic energy of that object. The net work done on or by an object will result in an equal change in the object's kinetic energy ![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/27/224927.20.revNPhysicsWork03img08.jpg)
47
Efficiency
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/29/224929.22.revNPhysicsWork05img04.jpg)
48
Mechanical Advantage
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/29/224929.22.revNPhysicsWork05img01.jpg)
49
Hanging block by two strings
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/29/224929.22.revNPhysicsWork05img02.jpg)
50
Two pulley system
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/29/224929.22.revNPhysicsWork05img03.jpg)
51
Six pulley system
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/29/224929.22.revNPhysicsWork05img07.jpg)
52
Center of Mass diagram
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/30/224930.17.revNPhysicsWork06img02.jpg)
53
Center of Mass
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/30/224930.17.revNPhysicsWork06img01.jpg)
54
Work, Energy Momentum Essential Equations
![](http://jasper.kaptest.com/content/media/33/224933.17.revNPhysicsWork09img01.jpg)
55