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Physical Science > Physical Science Final Exam > Flashcards

Physical Science Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Science

A

a process that uses observation and investigation to gain knowledge about the regularities in nature

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2
Q

Physical Science

A

Type of science deals with matter and energy.

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3
Q

Life Science

A

Type of science that deals with living things.

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4
Q

Earth Science

A

Type of science that investigates Earth and space.

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5
Q

How are a hypothesis and a theory similar?

A

A hypothesis and a theory cannot be revised.

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6
Q

The steps of the scientific method in order

A 
state the problem
gather information
form a hypothesis
test the hypothesis
analyze data
draw conclusions
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7
Q

What is the dependent variable in an experiment that shows how the volume of gas changes with changes in temperature?

A

volume of gas

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8
Q

What is the best unit to measure the distance a car travels after being released from a ramp?

A

meter

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9
Q

What is the best unit to measure the mass of a chemical added to a beaker

A

kilogram

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10
Q

What is the best unit to measure the time it takes for a dropped object to hit the ground?

A

second

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11
Q

What is the best unit to measure the amount of electrical current in a circuit?

A

ampere

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12
Q

What is measured in kilograms?

A

mass

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13
Q

What is the best application of a line graph?

A

to show trends and how the data changes over time.

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14
Q

What variable is plotted on the x-axis?

A

independent

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15
Q

What variable is plotted on the y-axis?

A

dependent

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16
Q

Life science is the study of living things. According to this definition, a life scientist would most likely study

A

cellular reproduction

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17
Q

In science, activities are performed that test the validity of theories. These activities are called

A

experiments

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18
Q

Sometimes scientists misinterpret their data, causing them to draw the wrong conclusions. What is one common cause of scientific misinterpretation?

A

researcher bias

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19
Q

A well-organized procedure that tests an idea

A

experiment

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20
Q

A prediction or explanation that can be tested by experimentation

A

hypothesis

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21
Q

Something that represents an idea or object to help people better understand it.

A

model

22
Q

An exact quantity that people agree to use for comparison.

A

standard

23
Q

A quantity in an experiment that can have more than one value is a

A

variable

24
Q

The improved, universally accepted version of the metric system that is based on multiples of ten and includes the meter, liter, and kilogram is the

A

International System of Units (SI)

25
Q

Anything that takes up space and has mass

A

Matter

26
Q

force that opposes the motion of objects that move through the air

A

air resistance

27
Q

the maximum speed an object will reach when falling through a substance, such as air

A

terminal velocity

28
Q

describes the fall of an object on which only the force of gravity is acting

A

free fall

29
Q

a force that is directed toward the center of a curved or circular path

A

centripetal force

30
Q

states that if no external forces act on a group of objects, their total momentum does not change

A

law of conservation of momentum

31
Q

a change in an object’s position relative to a reference point

A

motion

32
Q

distance and direction of an object’s change in position from the starting point

A

displacement

33
Q

distance an object travels per unit of time

A

speed

34
Q

the speed and direction of a moving object

A

velocity

35
Q

property of a moving object that equals its mass times its velocity

A

momentum

36
Q

rate of change of velocity; can be calculated by dividing the change in the velocity by the times it takes the change to occur

A

acceleration

37
Q

acceleration of an object toward the center of a curved or circular path

A

centripetal acceleration

38
Q

a push or pull exerted on an object

A

force

39
Q

sum of all the forces that are acting on an object

A

net force

40
Q

force that opposes the motion between two touching surfaces

A

friction

41
Q

attractive force between two objects that depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them

A

gravity

42
Q

a region of space in which every point has a physical quantity, such as a force

A

field

43
Q

gravitational force exerted on an object

A

weight

44
Q

states that an object moving at a constant velocity keeps moving t that velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it

A

Newton’s first law of motion

45
Q

tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion

A

inertia

46
Q

states that the acceleration of an object is in the same direction as the net force on the object, and that the acceleration equals the net force divided by its mass

A

Newton’s second law of motion

47
Q

states that when one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force on the first object that is equal in strength and in the opposite direction

A

Newton’s third law of motion

48
Q

When a falling object reaches terminal velocity, the force of gravity _______________ the force of air resistance.

A

equals

49
Q

When an object moves in a circular path, the net force is called a ________________.

A

centripetal force

50
Q

Any change of distance over time is called _______________.

A

speed

Physical Science (7 decks)

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