Physical Science Final Exam

Question 1

Science

Answer 1

a process that uses observation and investigation to gain knowledge about the regularities in nature

Question 2

Physical Science

Answer 2

Type of science deals with matter and energy.

Question 3

Life Science

Answer 3

Type of science that deals with living things.

Question 4

Earth Science

Answer 4

Type of science that investigates Earth and space.

Question 5

How are a hypothesis and a theory similar?

Answer 5

A hypothesis and a theory cannot be revised.

Question 6

The steps of the scientific method in order

Answer 6

state the problem
gather information
form a hypothesis
test the hypothesis
analyze data
draw conclusions

Question 7

What is the dependent variable in an experiment that shows how the volume of gas changes with changes in temperature?

Answer 7

volume of gas

Question 8

What is the best unit to measure the distance a car travels after being released from a ramp?

Answer 8

meter

Question 9

What is the best unit to measure the mass of a chemical added to a beaker

Answer 9

kilogram

Question 10

What is the best unit to measure the time it takes for a dropped object to hit the ground?

Answer 10

second

Question 11

What is the best unit to measure the amount of electrical current in a circuit?

Answer 11

ampere

Question 12

What is measured in kilograms?

Answer 12

mass

Question 13

What is the best application of a line graph?

Answer 13

to show trends and how the data changes over time.

Question 14

What variable is plotted on the x-axis?

Answer 14

independent

Question 15

What variable is plotted on the y-axis?

Answer 15

dependent

Question 16

Life science is the study of living things. According to this definition, a life scientist would most likely study

Answer 16

cellular reproduction

Question 17

In science, activities are performed that test the validity of theories. These activities are called

Answer 17

experiments

Question 18

Sometimes scientists misinterpret their data, causing them to draw the wrong conclusions. What is one common cause of scientific misinterpretation?

Answer 18

researcher bias

Question 19

A well-organized procedure that tests an idea

Answer 19

experiment

Question 20

A prediction or explanation that can be tested by experimentation

Answer 20

hypothesis

Question 21

Something that represents an idea or object to help people better understand it.

Answer 21

model

Question 22

An exact quantity that people agree to use for comparison.

Answer 22

standard

Question 23

A quantity in an experiment that can have more than one value is a

Answer 23

variable

Question 24

The improved, universally accepted version of the metric system that is based on multiples of ten and includes the meter, liter, and kilogram is the

Answer 24

International System of Units (SI)

Question 25

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Answer 25

Matter

Question 26

force that opposes the motion of objects that move through the air

Answer 26

air resistance

Question 27

the maximum speed an object will reach when falling through a substance, such as air

Answer 27

terminal velocity

Question 28

describes the fall of an object on which only the force of gravity is acting

Answer 28

free fall

Question 29

a force that is directed toward the center of a curved or circular path

Answer 29

centripetal force

Question 30

states that if no external forces act on a group of objects, their total momentum does not change

Answer 30

law of conservation of momentum

Question 31

a change in an object's position relative to a reference point

Answer 31

motion

Question 32

distance and direction of an object's change in position from the starting point

Answer 32

displacement

Question 33

distance an object travels per unit of time

Answer 33

speed

Question 34

the speed and direction of a moving object

Answer 34

velocity

Question 35

property of a moving object that equals its mass times its velocity

Answer 35

momentum

Question 36

rate of change of velocity; can be calculated by dividing the change in the velocity by the times it takes the change to occur

Answer 36

acceleration

Question 37

acceleration of an object toward the center of a curved or circular path

Answer 37

centripetal acceleration

Question 38

a push or pull exerted on an object

Answer 38

force

Question 39

sum of all the forces that are acting on an object

Answer 39

net force

Question 40

force that opposes the motion between two touching surfaces

Answer 40

friction

Question 41

attractive force between two objects that depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them

Answer 41

gravity

Question 42

a region of space in which every point has a physical quantity, such as a force

Answer 42

field

Question 43

gravitational force exerted on an object

Answer 43

weight

Question 44

states that an object moving at a constant velocity keeps moving t that velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it

Answer 44

Newton's first law of motion

Question 45

tendency of an object to resist any change in its motion

Answer 45

inertia

Question 46

states that the acceleration of an object is in the same direction as the net force on the object, and that the acceleration equals the net force divided by its mass

Answer 46

Newton's second law of motion

Question 47

states that when one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force on the first object that is equal in strength and in the opposite direction

Answer 47

Newton's third law of motion

Question 48

When a falling object reaches terminal velocity, the force of gravity _______________ the force of air resistance.

Answer 48

equals

Question 49

When an object moves in a circular path, the net force is called a ________________.

Answer 49

centripetal force

Question 50

Any change of distance over time is called _______________.

Answer 50

speed