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Science - Teas > Physical Science > Flashcards

Physical Science Flashcards

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1
Q

what is specific heat

A

heat capacity per unit mass

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2
Q

what is the specific heat capacity equation

A

C=q/ m x (change in) T

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3
Q

what are intensive properties

A

do not depend on the amout of matter of quantity of the sample, - intensive properties include color, harness, melting point, boiling point, density, ductility

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4
Q

what are extensive properties

A

volume, mass, weight, energy, entropy, number of moles - do depend on the amount of matter or quantity of th sample

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5
Q

define weight

A

measure of the gravitation pull of Eart on an object

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6
Q

define volume

A

measure of the amount of space occupied

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7
Q

define density

A

measure of the amount of mass per unit volume

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8
Q

define specific gravity

A

measure of the ratio of a substance’s density compared to the density of water

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9
Q

define conduction

A

form of heat transfer that requries contact

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10
Q

what is a physical property

A

something that can be observed or measure

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11
Q

what is a chemical property

A

something that has to be tested scientifically

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12
Q

properties of water

A

cohesive, adhesive, hydrophilic, also a good solvent, polar, high specific heat

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13
Q

what is weaker than covalent and ionic bonds

A

hydrogen bonds

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14
Q

what elements can make h2O bonds

A

O, F, N

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15
Q

what does oxidation mean

A

the charge becomes more positive ( losing electrons)

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16
Q

what does reduction mean

A

the charge becomes more negative (gaining electrons)

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17
Q

hydrogen bonds are an important component of

A

proteins, nucleic acids and DNA

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18
Q

what are passive transport mechanisms

A

simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis

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19
Q

define diffusion

A

particles are transported from areas ofhighter concentration to areas of lower concentration

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20
Q

define facilitated diffusion

A

specific moleculs are transported by a specific carrier protein

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21
Q

define osmosis

A

diffusion of water from a high concentration of WATER to a low concentration of WATER ( low concentration of particles to a high concentration of particles)

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22
Q

states of matter: Gas

A

flexible volume/shape, low density, high compressibility, very free molecular motion

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23
Q

states of matter: liquid

A

volume constant, flexible shape, high density, no compressibility, move past each other freely

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24
Q

states of matter: Solid

A

definite volume/shape, high density, no compressibility, vibrate around fixed positions

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25
Q

Latent heat of fusion

A

a theshold that has to be overcome so that the state of matter can change

26
Q

latent heat of vaporization

A

a threshold that has to be overcome so boiling water can vaporize

27
Q

define melting

A

water going from a solid to a liquid

28
Q

define freezing

A

liquie to sold

29
Q

defined vaporization

A

liquid to vapor

30
Q

define condensation

A

vapor to liquid

31
Q

define sublimation

A

solid to gas

32
Q

define deposition

A

gas to solid

33
Q

define atmoshperic pressure

A

the speed of evaporation

34
Q

what are intermolcular cohesive forces

A

forces that pull the molecules together and in water establish hydrogen bonds

35
Q

what is the hydrologic cycle

A

process when warm air containing water vapor rises and then cools

36
Q

what is a reactive fradical

A

broken down chemical bonds that will readily form new bonds with electrons

37
Q

what is the law of the conservation of mass

A

matter can neither be created nor destroyed

38
Q

what is the octet rule

A

tendency of atoms to gain or lose electrons until their outer energy levels contain eight and are full

39
Q

what is a combination reaction

A

A + B = C

40
Q

what is a combination reaction known as

A

synthesis, or addition reaction

41
Q

what is a decomposition reaction

A

A > B + C

42
Q

most decomposition reactions are

A

endothermic (heat needs to be added)

43
Q

in acid/base reaction what does the acid do

A

donates a proton

44
Q

in acid/base reaction, what does the base do

A

accepts a proton

45
Q

what happens to the base when accepts a proton

A

the base becomes water

46
Q

what happens to the remaining ion after base becomes water

A

it becomes a salt

47
Q

what is combustion

A

exothermic process, releasing energy

48
Q

what remains the same about a catalyst during a reaction

A

the mass

49
Q

what is pH

A

the concentration of hydrogen ions

50
Q

what is a high pH

A

a base

51
Q

what is a low pH

A

acid

52
Q

what is halochromic

A

a pH indicator that changes color when hydrogen of hydronium is detected

53
Q

what do acids yield when dissolved

A

hydrogen ions

54
Q

what do bases yield when dissolved

A

hydroxide ions

55
Q

what word is used to describe bases

A

alkaline

56
Q

what does the strength of an acid or a base depend on

A

the degree to which its atoms ionize in solution

57
Q

what happens with a strong acid

A

all of the atoms ionize

58
Q

what happens with a weak acid

A

very few of the atoms ionize

59
Q

what does it mean for an atom to ionize

A

when they gain a positive or a negative charge

60
Q

what are properties of salts

A

are ionic compounds, dissociate in water, metal + non metal,

61
Q

what type of reaction happens between salt and water

A

a hydrolysis reaction

Science - Teas (18 decks)

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