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Science - Teas > Atoms > Flashcards

Atoms Flashcards

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1
Q

what do atoms consist of

A

a nucleus and electrons

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2
Q

what does the nucleus consist of

A

protons and nutrons

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3
Q

what charge does the nucleus have

A

positive, due to the presence of protons

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4
Q

an equal number of protons and electrons equals what charge

A

neurtral

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5
Q

what is an ion

A

a atom with a positive or negative charge

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6
Q

what is the atomic radius

A

the average distance beetween the cucleus and the outermost electron

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7
Q

what is the ‘electron cloud’

A

a model where the nucleus is earth and the surrounding electrons are the atmosphere

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8
Q

what is the atomic number

A

the number of protons in the nucleus

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9
Q

what is the atomic mass

A

the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

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10
Q

what is relative atomic mass

A

the ratio of the atomic mass with the weight of the different isotopes

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11
Q

what is an isotope

A

a variation of a moleucle

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12
Q

what is a stable isotope

A

an isotope that is not radioactive and that does not decay

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13
Q

what is a radioactive isotope

A

an isotope that has an unstable nucleus and can undergo spontaneous nuclear reactions

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14
Q

what are electrons

A

subatomic particles that orbit the cucleus levels

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15
Q

what are electrons levels known as

A

layers, shells, or clouds

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16
Q

what family of elementary particles to electrons belong to

A

lepton

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17
Q

what level do electrons tend to occupy

A

the lowest possible

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18
Q

what are the outermost electrons called

A

valance electrons

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19
Q

what does the number of valance electrons consist of

A

bonding behavior - fill or empty their shells

20
Q

how many energy levels are there

A

4

21
Q

what type of attraction to chemical bonds have

A

positive/negative

22
Q

what is the first shell of an electron

A

the S shell - 2 electrons

23
Q

2nd shell of electron

A

P shell - 8

24
Q

3rd shell of electron

A

D, 18 electron

25
Q

4th shell

A

F, 32

26
Q

what is a polar bond

A

covalent type of bond with unequal pulling of the different elements

27
Q

what does ionization mean

A

the process by which neutral particles are ionized into charged particles

28
Q

what is a crystalline solid

A

atoms of the same element bonded together

29
Q

ionic bonding

A

elements gain/lose electrons, a metal + non metal

30
Q

chemcial bonding

A

share electrons, non metal + non metal

31
Q

hydrogen bonding

A

the atom of a molecule interacts with a hydrogen atom in the same area

32
Q

what is a cation

A

a positive ion - losing electrons

33
Q

what is an anion

A

a negative ion - gaining electrons

34
Q

what is electronegativity

A

a measure of how capable an atom is of attracting a pair of bonding electrons

35
Q

what is a dipole

A

when one atom exerts slightly more force in a bond than another

36
Q

what is an element

A

most basic type of matter

37
Q

what is a compound

A

a chemical combination of two or more types of elements

38
Q

what are diatomic elements

A

elements that exist naturally in pairs (h2)

39
Q

how is the periodic table set up

A

according to the structure of the elements and also their atomic number

40
Q

what is a period on the table

A

a horizontal row

41
Q

what is a group on the table

A

a vertical column

42
Q

where are the metals

A

on the left

43
Q

where are the non metals

A

on the right

44
Q

where are metalloids

A

in the middle

45
Q

what is chemical reactivity

A

the tendency of a substance to engange in chemical reactions

46
Q

what is periodicity

A

a method that allows for the predicting of a tendency of a substnace to be reactive based on the position on the periodic table

Science - Teas (18 decks)

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