PHYSICAL- puberty, perimenopause, menopause

Question 1

Characteristics of puberty (primary and secondary)

Answer 1

Primary- uterus and vagina grow, the menstrual cycle begins, the ovaries begin to release eggs, penis enlarges, testicles produce sperm, prostate gland produces secretions.
Secondary- breasts develop and areola swells and darkens, hair grows in armpits and pubic areas, growth spurt, hips widen, increased layers of fat underneath skin, growth of facial, pubic and chest hair, changes in larynx.

Question 2

What is maturation?

Answer 2

When you reach physical maturity in early adulthood.
- Physical strength and stamina at peak
- Full height reached
- Reaction time quickest
- Sexual characteristics fully developed
- Women at most fertile and become pregnant and lactate.

Question 3

Symptoms of perimenopause?

Answer 3

• Hot flushes + night sweats
• Breast tenderness
• Fatigue
• Irregular or heavy periods
• Vaginal dryness, discomforts during sex
• Trouble sleeping
• Urine leakage
• Urine urgency

Question 4

What is menopause?

Answer 4

Reduction in sex hormones, resulting in shrinkage of sexual organs and sexual interest. Reduction in sex hormones could also cause osteoporosis.
- No more periods
- Hot flushes + night sweats
- Less oestrogen and progesterone
- Lower sexual interest
- Possible osteoporosis

Question 5

Rosie has a problem with her reproductive system and has had part of it removed in an operation. This caused an early menopause.
identify 2 physical and 2 emotional effects of the menopause (4 marks)

Answer 5

Physical- no more periods, hot flushes and night sweats.

Emotional- less oestrogen and progesterone ( can trigger mood swings), lower sexual interest.

Question 6

Signs of deterioration of health

Answer 6

• Decrease in height
• Increased risk of organ failures
• Increased risk of heart disease
• Strength and muscle loss
• Reduced stamina
• Less mobility (gross) and dexterity (fine)
• Slower reactions
• Visual and hearing problems