Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medicine, Year 2, Block 11 (Reproduction & Growing Child) > Physical Milestones and Failure to Thrive > Flashcards

Physical Milestones and Failure to Thrive Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four main areas of development in a child?

A
  1. Gross motor
  2. Fine motor (hands) and vision
  3. Hearing, speech, language
  4. Social skills and behaviour
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gross motor progresses in what way?

A

Cephalo-caudal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

For gross motor development, a child should be able to keep their head up by what stage?

A

3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

For gross motor development, a child should be able to sit up (top trunk) by what stage?

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

For gross motor development, a child should be able to crawl (middle trunk) by what stage?

A

9 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

For gross motor development, a child should be able to stand up by what stage?

A

12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

For gross motor development, a child should be able to walk by what stage?

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

For gross motor development, what is considered late of a time frame for a child to be able to walk by?

A

After 18 months (2 SDs from mean)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What test can be performed to exclude DMD in a male child who is struggling to walk?

A

CK test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

For fine motor and vision development, when should a child be expected to Transfer things from hand to hand?

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the difference between Speech and Language?

A 
Speech = Actual sounds
Language = Content and Organisation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two types of Hearing Loss?

A

Conductive deafness

Sensorineural deafness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give 5 causes of Speech delay

A
  1. Hearing Loss
  2. Mechanical issues e.g. plate / muscles
  3. Global developmental problem
  4. Environmental deprivation
  5. Autism Spectrum Disorder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

For Social skills and Behavioural development, when should a child be expected to smile?

A

6 - 8 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

For Social skills and Behavioural development, when would a child be expected to Wave back?

A

9 - 10 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

For Social skills and Behavioural development, when would a child be expected to learn Toilet training?

A

2 - 3 years old

17
Q

Following a neonatal examination within 72 hours of birth and a 6-8 week check up by the GP - what other checks are performed and when?

A

1 year old check by Health Visitor

2-2.5 year old check by Health Visitor

18
Q

Give 11 developmental red flags you may see in a child who might require additional support

A
  • Regression of skills
  • Not fixing / following
  • Not responding to noise
  • Hyper / hypotonic
  • Early hand preference
  • Persistent toe walking
  • No smile at 8 weeks
  • Not holding objects by 5 months
  • Not sitting at 12 months
  • Not walking at 18 months
  • Not pointing at 2 years
19
Q

Normal hand preference develops at what age? At what age is it considered abnormal

A

Normal is at age 3. Abnormal is before age 1

20
Q

What is an Isolated delay and a Global delay?

A

Isolated: 1 domain affected
Global: 4 domains affected

21
Q

What is the difference in Developmental delay versus Developmental disorder?

A

Delay: Progressing normally, just slower

Disorder: Progressing abnormally

22
Q

To measure physical growth - what parameters are measured?

A

Weight
Height
Head circumference

23
Q

What are the four phases of growth?

A
  • Foetal growth
  • Growth in infancy
  • Pre-pubertal growth
  • Pubertal growth
24
Q

Under the age of 1, growth is almost entirely dependent on?

A

Nutrition

25
Q

Between ages 1 and puberty, growth is almost entirely dependent on?

A

Growth hormone

26
Q

By Week 1 following birth, weight might change how?

A

Loss by up to 10%

27
Q

By Week 2 following, how does weight change?

A

Regain birth weight lost in Week 1. Same as birth weight

28
Q

By what milestone is a babies weight doubled and trebled?

A
  • Doubled by Month 5

- Trebled by 1 Year

29
Q

Define Failure to Thrive

A

Sub-optimal weight gain in infants / toddlers, lying below the 2nd centile

30
Q

Failure to Thrive can be subdivided into two causes: What are they?

A

Organic (medical)

Non-Organic (non-medical)

31
Q

Give some general causes of FTT

A 
Inadequate intake
Inadequate retention (vomiting / GORD)
Malabsorption
Failure to utilise nutrients
Increased requirements
32
Q

BMI cannot be used for an indicator of health in children - what is used instead?

A

RCPCH growth charts

33
Q

Give 7 examples of causes for Short Stature

A
  • Genetic
  • Growth hormone deficiency
  • Panhypopituitarism
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Steroid excess
  • Skeletal dysplasia
  • Chromosomal disorders

Medicine, Year 2, Block 11 (Reproduction & Growing Child) (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions