Physical Impairments - TBI Flashcards

1
Q

physical impairments

A

CN dysfxn

seizures

tonal changes

heterotopic ossifications

bowel/bladder dysfxn

balance/coordination

motor control/planning

vestibular dysfxn

paresis/plegia

dysarthria/dysphagia

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2
Q

CN dysfxn

A

decrease visual acuity

double vision

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3
Q

seizures

A

grand mol or tonic-clonic

focal or complex partial

petit mal or absence

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4
Q

grand mal or tonic clonic seizures

A

whole body

stiff or jerky movements

clenching of hands or jaw

develop foamy saliva

loss of bowel/bladder

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5
Q

how long is a tonic clonic seizure

A

2-5 min

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6
Q

focal or complex partial seizure

A

complains of a funny smell or taste

pick at clothing or pat/rub body

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7
Q

how long is a focal or complex partial seizure

A

few minutes

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8
Q

petit mal or absence

A

stare or blink or have eye flutter

brief lapse of consciousness

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9
Q

how long is a petit mal or absence seizure

A

few seconds

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10
Q

reasons that may trigger a seizure (1)

A

fever/flu

alcohol

emotional upset

fatigue

decreased blood sugar

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11
Q

reasons that may trigger a seizure (2)

A

flashing lights and loud noises

decreased nutrition

menstruation or constipation

decreased oxygen supply

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12
Q

tonal changes

A

spasticity

rigidity

flaccid

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13
Q

spasticity

A

abnormal increase in velocity

dependent resistance to stretch and hyperactive tendon jerk

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14
Q

rigidity

A

both direction resistance to movement

hypertonic

basal ganglia damage

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15
Q

flaccid

A

loss of muscle tone

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16
Q

heterotopic ossifications are also called

A

ectopic bone growth

17
Q

heterotopic ossifications

A

abnormal bone growth in &/or around joint space

18
Q

where do heterotopic ossifications occur

A

proximal joints

19
Q

clinical signs of heterotopic ossifications

A

pain

increased temp

decreased ROM

20
Q

what is needed w/ heterotopic ossifications

21
Q

bowel/bladder dysfxn

A

incontinence

bladder retention

constipation

22
Q

what are common w/ BB dysfxn

23
Q

what does our body do –> balance/coordination

A

our bodies make continual adjustments to ensure upright position and balance

24
Q

after a brain injury the body will–> balance and coordination

A

react too quickly

not quickly enough

no rxn at all

25
ataxia --> balance and coodination
inability to coordinate the speed and direction of movement
26
when are deficits seen --> motor control/planning
during movement
27
when is it seen --> motor control/planning
activate the wrong muscle change the sequence of muscle activation activate too many muscles w/ inappropriate force
28
vestibular dysfxn is common in
pts w/ TBI
29
common cause of vestibular dysfxn
blow to head
30
vestibular dysfxn
otoconia fragments from the utricle fall onto or into the cupula of the posterior canal thus exciting the neurons
31
result of vestibular dysfxn
dizziness
32
paresis/plegia
weakness decreased activation to the muscle hemiparesis/plegia or tetraparesis/plegia R v. L
33
dysarthria
slurred speech
34
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
35
when do dysarthria and dysphagia occur
secondary to muscle weakness, poor motor control or decreased sensation
36
what is there a risk of w/ dysphagia
aspiration --> pneumonia