Cognitive Problems - TBI Flashcards
cognitive problems
arousal
attention
memory
judgement
awareness
initiation
distractibility
visual-spatial deficits
executive fxns
arousal
level can be assessed by ability to keep eyes open
what do we want to optimize
arousal
upright postures
consider environment
provide stimulation
what should we question –> arousal
fatigue
could be decreased arousal system
attention
to be able to focus and carry out an activity or idea
types of attention
sustained
selective
divided
sustained attention
maintain a consistent behavioral response overtime
vigilance = mental control
selective attention
maintain focus in the face of competing stimuli
divided attention
respond simultaneously to multiple tasks
how do we increase a pts attention
reducing noise
decreasing movement in the room
keep eye contact
one person speaking at a time
direct the pt back to task
memory
3 phases
3 phases of memory
acquisition (learning)
storage (retention)
retrieval (recognition/recall)
3 types of memory
immediate recall
short term memory
long term memory
immediate recall
1 min after learning
short term memory
1 min - 1 hr after
long term memory
1 hr to days/weeks
judgement
ability to understand limitations
reason sequence of events/activities
determine consquences
awareness
lack of insight of deficits
impaired safety
have decrease ability to use compensatory strategies
3 levels of awareness
intellectual
emergent
anticipatory
intellectual –> awareness
ability to understand at some level that a particular disability exists
emergent –> awareness
recognize a problem while it is actually occurring
anticipatory –> awareness
foresee that a problem is likely to occur under certain circumstances b/w of a deficit
initiation
ability to start an activity may be impaired
verbal or manual cues may needed
decrease motivation v. decrease initiation
distractibility
pt w/ decrease attention
no filter
visual spatial deficits
unilateral neglect
decreased depth perception
spatial problems
unilateral neglect
ignore one side
sit on neglected side
touch neglected side
place objects on neglected side
decreased depth perception
misjudge height of stairs
over reach
spatial problems
decreased ability to understand relation among objects in space
executive fxns
goal completion activities
decreased ability –> executive fxn
ability to anticipate, set goals, plan, initiate, self-regulate, self monitor and use feedback to complete a goal
manage time
what do pts need –> executive fxn
structure to be successful
