Physical examination of the breasts and axilla

Question 1

what is a nonmodifiable factor for breast cancer?

Answer 1

things you cannot control or change such as: age, gender, HX of breast cancer, F HX

Question 2

what are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer?

Answer 2

nulliparity or late childbirth, hormone therapy, alcohol, obesity, and high fat diets, lack of physical activity.

Question 3

where will supernumerary nipples be located?

Answer 3

along the embryonic mammary ridge

Question 4

what is a benign, 2-3 cm tumor of the subareolar ducts?

Answer 4

intraductal papillomas/ papillomatosis

Question 5

what can be assumed a patient has who has a red, scaling, crusty patch form on the nipple, areola, and surrounding skin?

Answer 5

paget disease

Question 6

what is a sebaceous gland inflammation in the areola?

Answer 6

retention cyst

Question 7

lactation not associated with childbearing is what?

Answer 7

galactorrhea

Question 8

what population will have mammary duct ectasia?

Answer 8

most commonly in menopausal women. The subareolar ducts become blocked with desquamating secretory epithelium, necrotic debris, and chronic inflammatory cells.