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AUBF LAB PRELIM > PHYSICAL EXAM OF URINE > Flashcards

PHYSICAL EXAM OF URINE Flashcards

1
Q

recommended urine container

A
  • Disposable, wide-mouthed, and flat-bottom containers with screw caps are recommend
  • Clear containers and at least 50
  • Adhesive bags for pediatrics and large plastic containers for 24-hour specimen
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2
Q

What is the information that must be included in the label?

A

Patient’s name, ID number, date, time

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3
Q

What additional information you can see on the label?

A

age, location, physician

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4
Q

Where do you place the label?

A

On the container

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5
Q

What are the things we need to consider when it comes to requisition form?

A
  • Must accompany specimen
  • Information must match label
  • Time of receipt is stamped on requisition
  • other info: type of specimen, interfering meds
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6
Q

Reasons for SPECIMEN REJECTION

A

▪Unlabeled containers
▪Non-matching labels and
requisitions
▪Contaminated specimens - feces,
paper
▪Contaminated containers
▪Insufficient quantity
▪Delayed or improper transport

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7
Q

performed for many years as
the diagnostic tool for many pathologic conditions by medical practitioners

A

urinalysis examination

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8
Q

It is the first information contained on a routine urinalysis report.

A

physical examination

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9
Q

It checks for the metabolic end products that provides useful information on the disease state of the individual

A

urinalysis examination

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10
Q

what are the urine parameters?

A

urine odor, color,
transparency, pH, specific gravity, volume

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11
Q

Freshly voided urine has a _________
________ becomes predominant as the specimen stands.

A

faint odor of aromatic compounds ; Ammoniacal odor

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12
Q

odor of diabetic ketosis

A

sweet or fruity odor

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13
Q

What is the normal color of urine?

A

yellow, light yellow, amber color

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14
Q

What are factors that cause variation in
urine color.

A

diet, physical activity, medication
and disease.

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15
Q

Urine colors ___________ indicate pathological
process.

A

orange, yellow-green. green,
pink, red and black

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16
Q

a normal yellow urine may also
contain analyte that signifies a disease such as __________

A

glucose, ketones

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17
Q

general term pertaining to the clarity of the
specimen

A

transparency

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18
Q

Common terms used to report the appearance of urine

A

clear, hazy, slightly cloudy, turbid and milky

19
Q

a white cloudiness may appear because of
the presence of ________

A

amorphous urates, phosphates, carbonates, calcium oxalate or uric acid crystal

20
Q

no visible particulates

A

clear

21
Q

print cannot be seen by urine

A

turbid

22
Q

few particulates, print easily seen in urine

A

hazy

23
Q

may precipitate or be clotted

A

milky

24
Q

many particulates, print blurred through urine

A

cloudy

25
Q

The four most common substances that cause turbidity aside from
amorphous crystals are ________

A

WBC, RBC, epithelial cells and bacteria

26
Q

It is the reflection of the ability of the kidney to maintain normal hydrogen ion
concentration in plasma and extracellular
fluid

A

pH

27
Q

Normal adults with normal fluid intake will produce urine with a specific gravity of _________ during a 24 hours period

A

1.016 to 1.022

28
Q

It is based on the measurement of the refractive index of a solution which is related to the content of dissolved solids
present

A

Refractometry

29
Q

methods used to measure specific gravity

A
  • reagent strip
  • hydrometry
  • refractometry
30
Q

This chemical method consists of a reagent test pad impregnated with a __________

A

polyelectrolyte, pH indicator and
is maintained at an alkaline pH

31
Q

It is an indirect colorimetric determination of the specific gravity

A

reagent strip

32
Q

It is based on the determination of
urine’s density at room temperature

A

hydrometry

33
Q

principle of urinometer

A

density

34
Q

less accurate than the other
methods

A

urinometer

35
Q

major disadvantage of urinometer

A

Requires large volume

36
Q

Yellow color

A

Urochrome

37
Q

Litmus paper turns blue if
urine is _____ and red if
_______

A

alkaline ; acidic

38
Q

a pink pigment

A

Uroerythrin

39
Q

orange-brown

A

Urobilin

40
Q

most evident in specimens that have been refrigerated

A

Uroerythrin

41
Q

a product of endogenous metabolism, and under normal conditions the body produces it at a constant rate increased amounts produced in thyroid conditions and fasting states

A

Urochrome

42
Q

an oxidation product of the normal urinary constituent
urobilinogen

A

Urobilin

43
Q

reasons why the color of urine is pale yellow

A
  • Polyuria or diabetes insipidus
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Dilute random specimen
44
Q

Dehydration from fever or burns

A

AMber

AUBF LAB PRELIM (3 decks)

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