Lab Orientation & Quality Assessment Flashcards
Must be readily available in the laboratory
Safety procedure manuals
It states that all patients are considered to he possible carriers of bloodborne pathogens
Universal precautions
Consider all body fluid and moist body substances to be potentially infectious
Body substance isolation guidelines
Who combined the major features of UP and BSI Guidelines?
CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and HICPAC (Healthcare Infectious Control Practices Advisory Committee
What are the Standard Precautions
- Hand hygiene
- Gloves
- Mouth, nose, and eye protection
- Gown
- Patient care equipment
- Environmental control
- Linen
- Patient placement
Includes both handwashing and using alcohol based antiseptic cleansers
Hand hygiene
All buologic waste, except _____, must be placed in appropriate containers labeled with the biohazard symbol
Urine
Empty urine confainers can be discarded as
Non-biologically hazardous waste
Urine may be discarded by pouring it into laboratory sink under a
Plexiglas countertop shield
All sharp objects must be disposed in
Puncture-resistant, leak-proof container with biohazard symbol
Information contained in an MSDS
- physical and chemical characteristics
- fire and explosion potential
- reactivity potential
- health hazards and emergency first aid procedures
- methods for safe handling and disposal
- primary routes of entry
- exposure limits and carcinogenic potential
Refers to the overall process of guaranteeing quality patient care and is regulated throughout the total testing system
Quality assessment
Refers to all laboratories policies, professes, procedures, and resources needed to achieve quality testing
Quality system
Quality assessment program referred to as
Quality control
What is PPPR
Policies
Processess
Procedures
Resources
Referring to three phases of examination
Quality assessment program
What are the QAP
- procedure manuals
- internal quality control
- external quality control
- electronic quality control
- standardization
- record keeping
Contains all the procedures performed in the urinalysis section and must be available for reference in the working area and must comply wity the CLSI guidelines
Procedure manual
Occur beforr the actual testing of the specimen
Preexamination
What are examples of preexamination?
Test requests, patient preparation, timing, specimen collection, handling and storage
We reject tye sample if the specimen is:
- contaminated
- insufficient sanple of urine
- improper transport or improper behavior reservatives
- delay
Policy for handling mislabled specimen
- do not assume any information about the specimen or patient
- do not relabel an incorrectly labeled specimen
- do not discard the specimen until investigation is complete
Process that directly affect the testing of specimens
Examination variables
Example of examination variables
- reagents
- instrumentation or equipment
- quality control
- testing procedure
- preventive maintenance
It should be checked against known negatige and positive control solutions on each shift or at a minimum once a day
Reagent strip
Frequently encountered instruments
Refractometers , osmometers
Common equipment
Refrigerator, centrifuge, microscope
Used to calibrate centrifuge
Tachometer
When do you perform QC?
At the beginning of each shift or before testing the patient samples
Used to verify accuracy and precision of a test and are exposed to the same conditions as the patient samples
External Quality Control
Consists of internal monitoring systems built in to the test system and are called internal and procedural controls
Internal quality control
Uses a mechanical or electrical device in place of a liquid QC specimen
Electronic control
Can be internal or external component inserted into a point of care instrument
Electronic controls
Testing of unknown samples received from an outside agency, and provides unbiased validation of the quality of patient test results
Proficiency testing or external quality assessment
Proficiency testing also known as
External quality assessment
RA4688
Clinical Laboratory Law
NRL for clinical chemistry
Lung Center of the Philippines
NRL for hematology
National Kidney and Transplant Institute
NRL for toxicology, water testing analysis and drug testing
East Avenue Medical Center
NRL for microbiology and parasitology
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
Process that affect the reporting of results and correct interpretation of data
Postexamination variables
Quality assessment error in preexamination
- patient misidentification
- wrong test ordered
- insufficient urine volume
- delayed transport of urine to the laboratory
- incorrect storage or preservatives of urine
Quality assessment errors in examination
- sample misidentification
- poor testing technique
- instrument malfunction
Quality assessment errors of postexamination
- patient misidentification
- poor handwriting
- transcription error
- failure to send report
- poor quality of instrument printer
