Physical Chemistry

Question 1

What is all matter made up of?

Answer 1

Particles

Question 2

What is the name for undesirable wastes?

Answer 2

Pollutants

Question 3

What arrangement are the particles in a solid in?

Answer 3

Lattice arrangement

Question 4

What arrangement are the particles in a liquid in?

Answer 4

An irregular arrangement

Question 5

What arrangement are the particles in a gas in?

Answer 5

A random arramgement

Question 6

What does substances being able to diffuse mean?

Answer 6

That their particles move from a high concentration to a lower concentration

Question 7

What is activation energy?

Answer 7

The energy required to initiate a chemical reaction

Question 8

In what state can substances diffuse?

Answer 8

Liquid and gaseous

Question 9

What is the name for the starting substances in a chemical reaction?

Answer 9

Reactants

Question 10

What are reactants changed to in a chemical reaction?

Answer 10

Products

Question 11

In an exothermic reaction which is greater? The energy released from the reaction or the activation energy.

Answer 11

The energy released from the reaction

Question 12

How would lowering the activation energy affect a reaction?

Answer 12

The reaction would speed up

Question 13

What are the two requirements for chemicals to react?

Answer 13

1) Their atoms or molecules must collide with each other

2) Their atoms or molecules must have enough energy to break their bonds in the reactants

Question 14

What factors influence the reaction rate in a chemical reaction?

Answer 14

1) Temperature
2) Surface area
3) The concentration of the solution (if there is one)
4) Cataclysts

Question 15

What is rate of reaction referring to?

Answer 15

Collisions between particles

Question 16

What type of energy do fuels store?

Answer 16

Potential energy through chemical or heat energy such as nuclear energy

Question 17

What is the most common source of fuel used by humans?

Answer 17

Hydrocarbons

Question 18

Do liquid fuels actually burn?

Answer 18

No, the fumes of the liquid which are actually flammable.

Question 19

Where are most liquid fuels in widespread use derived from?

Answer 19

Fossilised remains of dead plants and animals

Question 20

What are fossil fuels?

Answer 20

Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from the fossilised remains of ancient dead plants and animals which have been exposed to high heat and pressure in the absence of oxygen in the earth’s crust over millions of years.

Question 21

How much is one tonne of atmospheric carbon equal to in carbon dioxide approximately?

Answer 21

3.7 tonnes of carbon dioxide

Question 22

What is state is paraffin in and what is it commonly used in?

Answer 22

It is a solid and in commonly used in candles.

Question 23

What state is compressed natural gas (CNG) in and what is it commonly used in?

Answer 23

It is a gas and is commonly used in cars, heaters and labs.

Question 24

What state is liquid petroleum gas (LPG) in and what is it commonly used in?

Answer 24

It is a gas and is commonly used in barbecues, heaters, kitchens and cars.

Question 25

What state is kerosene in and what is it commonly used in?

Answer 25

It is a liquid and is commonly used in aircraft

Question 26

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 26

A chemical reaction is a process which changes the reactants into different chemicals.

Question 27

What are the only two ways to change reactants into products and rearrange the particles of the reactants into products?

Answer 27

When the reactant particles collide with each other or if the particles have enough energy to break their bonds in the reactants.