Physical Causes = Water Insecurity

Question 1

Physical causes leading 2 water insecurity:

Answer 1

Climate variability
Salt-water encroachment

Question 2

Climate variability

Answer 2

Climate variability leads 2 regions w/ high rainfall (Amazon rainforest) + areas which are arid (Sahel)
Other areas receive rainfall during a short rainy season such = monsoon in Southern Asia
Climate change alters weather patterns + inc the differences b/ climates
Rajasthan = India has experienced a reduction in aquifer recharge due 2 changes in evaporation + precipitation rates as well as runoff rates

Question 3

Salt water encroachment

Answer 3

Saltwater encroachment is the process where groundwater near the coast = contaminated w/ salt water
During normal conditions groundwater + soil moisture are kept freshwater due 2 its movement towards the sea but sea levels rise, coastal erosion, local bars traction of groundwater inc the risk of saltwater intrusion

Question 4

Tuvalu

Answer 4

South Pacific nation = Tuvalu has the highest point = 3 meters above sea level = so it’s suffering from sea level rise
Sea level rise has lead 2 all groundwater being contaminated due 2 saltwater encroachment. Tuvalu has 2 import the maj = water needs
Salt water has entered into the soil + destroyed much of the crop that once grew = land limiting their food resources further