Physical and Chemical Water Treatment Methods, Disinfection Flashcards
Characteristics of water
Physical, Chemical and Biological
Physical characteristics of water
Temperature, color, taste, odor
Chemical characteristics of water
Acidity, salinity
Biological characteristics of water
Bacteria, protozoans
Water Quality Standards
Turbidity, Acidity, Total Dissolved Salts, Color, Disinfectant Residual
Measure of haziness or clarity of a liquid
Turbidity
Turbidity Philippine Standard
5.0 NTU
NTU
Nephelometric Turbidity
Measure of dissolved solids per volume of liquid
Total Dissolved Salts
Total Dissolved Salts Philippine Standard
500 mg/L
Indication of relative purity of a liquid
Color
Color Philippine Standard
10 CU
CU
Color Unit
Measure of residue from disinfection of a liquid
Disinfectant Residual
Disinfectant Residual Philippine Standard
0.3 mg/L - 1.5 mg/L
Purpose of industrial water treatment
Eliminate unwanted impurities from water
Types of water treatment
Physical Water Treatment, Chemical Water Treatment
Typically consists of filtration techniques involving screens, sand filtration, or
filtration membranes
Physical Water Treatment
Types of Physical Water Treatment
Greensand Filtration, Multimedia Filtration, Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration, Reverse Osmosis
An effective filtration medium for the removal of dissolved iron, hydrogen sulphide, and manganese from water
Greensand Filtration
Mineral commonly referred to as
green sand and is used in greensand filtration
Glauconite
Uses at least three different layers of filtration media, typically anthracite, sand and garnet, to filter water
Multimedia Filtration
Suspended solids, including clay, algae, silt, rust,
and other organic matter are removed
Multimedia Filtration
This filtration method can remove particles from 10 to 25 microns in size
Multimedia Filtration
Uses a barrier membrane to filter very small suspended solids from water
Microfiltration
Capable of removing contaminants ranging from 0.1 to 10 microns in size
Microfiltration
Ideal for removing suspended solids, algae and protozoans
Micro Filtration
Sometimes used as a pretreatment method
upstream of reverse osmosis
Ultra Filtration