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YEAR 3 > Physical Activity and health > Flashcards

Physical Activity and health Flashcards

1
Q

metabolic equivalent of task

A

method used to estimate the metabolic cost of PA

Mod 3-6
vig 6 plus

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2
Q

determinants of health

A

factors that combine together to affect the health of individuals and communities (WHO)

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3
Q

Physical activity

A

movement of the body produced by skeletal muscles

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4
Q

fitness

A

the ability to reach the demand of everyday life

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5
Q

health

A

a state of complete physical mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease

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6
Q

active living

A

taking every opportunity to make an active choice

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7
Q

validity

A

extend to which a measurement instrument assesses the true exposure of interest

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8
Q

sedentary behaviour

A

refers to any waking activity characterised by an energy expenditure less than or equal to 1.5 METS and a sitting/reclining posture

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9
Q

balance

A

ability to maintain equilibrium

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10
Q

flexibility

A

rom at a join

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11
Q

musculoskeletal fitness

A

the integrated function of muscle strength, endurance and muscle power

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12
Q

cardiorespiratory endurance

A

ability to perform large muscle ,whole body exercise at at a mod to high intensity for extended periods

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13
Q

exercise

A

body movement produced by skeletal muscle from medium to high intensity

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14
Q

guidelines - infants (less than 1)

A

at least 30 mins tummy time spread throughout the day

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15
Q

guidelines - toddlers (1-2)

A

at least 180 mins per day in a variety of ways at any intensity

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16
Q

pre schoolers (3-4)

A

at least 180 mins per ay in a variety of physical activities spread throughout the day

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17
Q

guidelines - children (5-18)

A

mod-vig intensity PA for an average of at least 60 minutes per day across the week
develop muscular fitness and bone strength

18
Q

guidelines - adults (19-64)

A

physically active every day
each week, at least 150 mins of mod or 75mins of big
muscle strengthening activities on at least 2 days a week
minimise sedentary

19
Q

guidelines - 65 plus

A

some PA better than none
activities aimed at improving or maintaining muscle strength, balance and flexibility on at least 2 days a week
each week, 150 mins

20
Q

components of health related fitness

A 
cardiorespiratory 
strength 
flexibility 
body composition 
endurance 
cv fitness 
sub max
21
Q

testing strength

A

dynamometers
tensiometers
repeating max
isokinetic

22
Q

testing endurance

A

field tests

no equipment
e.g push ups

23
Q

testing flexibility

A

sit and reach

goniometers

24
Q

testing CV

A

step test
fixed distance tests
fixed time tests

25
Q

sub max tests

A

any mode of exercise that allows for standardisation of the work rates with known estimates of 02

e.g cycle ergometer

26
Q

measuring body comp

A

BMI
body mass in kg/ heigh in m squared

skin folds

DXA - low dose x rays at 2 energies. quantifies regions of fat, lean body mass bone mass

body pod - uses air displacement to estimate body composition

bioelectric impedance - based on the conductive and non conductive properties

27
Q

measurement of PA

A 
Accelerometer 
pedometer 
IPAQ
Monitoring places 
self report - diaries, questionnaires, interviews
28
Q

why do we measure PA

A 
Find link between behaviour and health outcome 
quantity dose response relationship 
monitor trends 
understand determinants 
test interventions
29
Q

behavioural epidemiological framework

A

sallis and owen 1999

framework to classify phases of research on PA

establish methods to measure PA, Establish links between PA and health, determinants, interventions, transationinto practise

30
Q

logic model

A

a road map to explain how the program is hypothetically thought to work to achieve its effects

31
Q

Physical inactivity

A

not meeting the PA guidelines

32
Q

psychological framework for understanding PA

A

Individual, social, environmental, policy

33
Q

Start active stay active (CMO)

A

Physical inactivity is the 4th leading risk factor for global mortality accounting for 6 % of deaths globally

estimated direct cost os physical inactivity to NHS across UK is £1.6 billion

34
Q

Owen et al (2010) - sedentary

A

even adults meeting the guidelines can still experience detrimental effects of inactivity

health adults reporting at leat 150 mins a week of mod - big PA

found detrimental association of TV time with waist circumference, blood pressure etc

active coach potato phenomenon

35
Q

cortis et al 2017

A

18-40
PA positively associated with attitudes, belief and intention
negative association for barriers of PA, lack of knowledge, lack of support, feat to go out alone

36
Q

biddle et al 2015

A

significant positive association between taking prat in PE and current levels of PA

37
Q

Kleppang et al 2018

A

15-16 year olds
hopkins symptoms scale
students participating in PA less than 3 times a week had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms

38
Q

strain et al 2016

A

occupational activity was the most prevalent domain accounting for 18-26% of all MVPA for those under 65
across both genders and activity statuses, exercise and fitness declined with age and walking was the most prevalent in the oldest age group
policies designed to increase PA should take into account different domains
significant variations in the most present domains for men and women who met guidelines
about £3 million worth of funding on PA in scotland

39
Q

judice et al al 2017

A

national wide cross sectional study aimed to examine PA, fitness, obesity prevalence and related factors in 10-17 years olds in portal

sedentary time and PA objectivily measured using accelerometer

FITTNESSGRAM test was developed to assess physical fitness

MVPA positively and consistently associated with fitness
suggests that guilders for sedentary behaviour should include breaks in sedentary behaviour

positive associations found for the non prolonged sedentary bouts with flexibility, endurance and BMI

40
Q

Smith et al 2014

A

health benefits of muscular fitness for children and youths

positive association between MF and bone health and self esteem

41
Q

Shah et al (2012)

A

characterised 26% of the subjects as obese using BMI whilst DXA indicated 64% were obese

BMI misclassified 25% of men and 48% of women

YEAR 3 (13 decks)

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