Physcial Development: Birth- Infancy Flashcards
What is a percentile?
Lines on a graph used to show average measurements of height, weight and head circumference. Used by paediatricians.
What are primitive reflexes?
Reflex actions originating in the central nervous system, exhibited by normal infants, in response to particular stimuli.
What is a postural reflex?
A postural reflex is an automatic movement that control the equilibration we require once upright and moving and having to combat the effects of gravity. Maintaining posture, balance and fluidity of movement, replacing the primitive reflex in a sequential manner.
What is the glabellar reflex?
The glabellar reflex is a blinking response upon gently tapping above the nasal bridge. (Blinking persists upon repetitive tapping).
What is the snout reflex?
The snout reflex is the pouting of lips elicited by light tap on closed lips. (Contraction of muscled resemble snout).
What is the rooting reflex?
The rooting reflex is the turning of head and mouth towards finger stroking the cheeks laterally.
What is the palmomental reflex?
The palmomental reflex is by scratching the palm of the hand.
What is the Moro reflex?
The Moro reflex is when the upper limbs abduct, extend then flex in a symmetrical flowing movement, thumbs flex, palm up, legs and head extend, baby then cries. If there’s no response, there’s CNS damage.
What is the galant reflex?
The galant reflex is elicited by holding the baby face down and stroking the spine, the normal reaction is for the baby to swing the pelvis to the same side.
What is asymmetrical tonic neck reflex?
The asymmetrical tonic neck reflex is lying the baby down on its spine, turn the head 90 degrees and into a fencing posture.
What is the babkin reflex?
The babkin reflex is when pressure is applied on both palms, in response the baby’s head flexes, rotates and the mouth opens.
What is the placing reflex?
The placing reflex is when a newborn flexes the knee and brings the foot up when the sole of the foot is rubbed.
What are gross motor skills?
Gross motor skills are large movements involving the bigger muscles, which requires mobility and coordination.
What are the stages of mobility in an infant?
- Fetal posture (newborn)
- Holds chin up (1 month)
- Holds chest up (2 months)
- Sits when supported (4 months)
- Sits alone (7 months)
- Stands holding furniture (9 months)
- Crawls (10 months)
- Walks if led (11 months)
- Stands alone (11months)
- Walks alone (12 months)
What are fine motor skills?
Fine motor skills involve smaller precision movement, requires dexterity and coordination.
