Phylum Platyhelminthes (J.4)

Question 1

Dorso-ventrally flattened

Answer 1

Body is flat from both lower (ventral) and upper (dorso)

Question 2

Pharynx

Answer 2

Muscular tube used to swallow up small prey or suck body juices of a larger animal

Question 3

Intestines

Answer 3

Organ that secretes digestive enzymes and absorbs nutrients.

Question 4

Ciliated gliding

Answer 4

Swimming movement of a planaria when propelled by its cilia

Question 5

Ganglion

Answer 5

Collection of nerve cells (found in anterior end, considered to be cephalization - formation of head with brain)

Question 6

Longitudinal nerve cords

Answer 6

Pair of ventral nerve cords connected to the ganglion region

Question 7

Transverse nerve cords

Answer 7

Nerve cords between the longitudinal nerve cords

Question 8

Metabolic waste

Answer 8

Wastes from cellular metabolic processes

Question 9

Flame cells

Answer 9

Region at beginning of nephridiophore lined by ciliated cells. Used to draw metabolic waste into the nephridiopores for excretion.

Question 10

Nephridiophores

Answer 10

Microscopic tube used for secretion of metabolic waste

Question 11

Nephridiopores

Answer 11

Opening of a nephridiophore

Question 12

Planaria

Answer 12

Free-living flatworms

Question 13

Ocelli (eyespots)

Answer 13

Simple eye. An eyespot with a single lens

Question 14

Auricles

Answer 14

Structure resembling an ear or earlobe

Question 15

Primary host

Answer 15

Host of adult (reproductively mature) parasite

Question 16

Secondary host

Answer 16

Host infected by larva of parasite rather than adult

Question 17

Cyst

Answer 17

Hardened knot of tissue - parasitic worms (Platyhelminthes) can create cysts in tissues then become dormant

Question 18

Scolex

Answer 18

Head of a tapeworm

Question 19

Proglottids

Answer 19

Part of a tapeworm (equipped with a set of male and female sex organs)