Intro to Animals (J.1)

Question 1

Invertebrate/ Vertebrate

Answer 1

Don’t posses a backbone/ posses a back bone

Question 2

Exo/ endoskeleton

Answer 2

Outer skeleton/ inner skeleton

Question 3

Filter feeder

Answer 3

animals that obtain their food by filtering organic matter or microorganisms from a current of water

Question 4

Sessile/ mobile

Answer 4

Can’t move, doesn’t move/ can move

Question 5

Hermaphrodite

Answer 5

Possessing both male and female sexual organs/ other sexual characteristics

Question 6

Internal fertilization

Answer 6

Union of egg and sperm within the female body

Question 7

External fertilization

Answer 7

Sperm fertilizes egg outside of the females body

Question 8

Broadcasters

Answer 8

Organism that depends on the environment as a medium for distributing its gametes.

Question 9

Haploid gametes

Answer 9

Cells that contain a single set of chromosomes
Egg - female
Sperm - male

Question 10

Diploid zygote

Answer 10

Joining of haploid gametes which carries genes from each parent

Question 11

Embryo

Answer 11

Unborn human/ animal in earliest stage of growth

Question 12

Blastula

Answer 12

Fluid filled balls of cells

Question 13

Gastrula

Answer 13

Infolding of some cells

Question 14

Asexual reproduction

Answer 14

Reproduction without two parent cells

• Budding
• Fragmentation
• Regeneration (re growth of lost body parts)
• Parthenogenesis

Question 15

Endoderm

Answer 15

Inner tissue of simple animals

Question 16

Ectoderm

Answer 16

Outer tissue of simple animals (in more advanced animals the ectoderm is specialized into epidermis and dermis)

Question 17

Mesoderm

Answer 17

Animal tissue layer that develops between the ectoderm and the endoderm (“meso” means middle)

Question 18

Cephalization

Answer 18

Embryonic cluster of nerve cells in one region of an organism which defines a “head” or an anterior end of a bilaterally symmetrical organism

Question 19

Symmetry

Answer 19

Asymmetrical - not symmetrical
Radial - multiple types of symmetry
Bilateral - one line of symmetry

Question 20

Body surfaces

Answer 20

Anterior - head end/ front end of a bilaterally symmetrical organism
Posterior - rear end/ butt end of an organism
Dorsal - backside of an organism
Ventral - underside of an organism
Lateral - side of an organism (look in notes)
Oral - surface of a radially symmetrical organism where the moth is located
Aboral - Upper surface of some radially symmetrical organisms

Question 21

Sac-like digestive system

Answer 21

Digestive system with a single opening, food travels through that and waste also comes through that

Question 22

One-way digestive system

Answer 22

Digestive system where food goes in one hole and waste comes out of the anus

Question 23

Acoelomate

Answer 23

Organism that doesn’t have a body cavity

Question 24

Pseudocoelomate

Answer 24

Animal with a pseudocoelom (false body cavity)

Question 25

Coelomate

Answer 25

Animal with a coelom (body cavity)

Question 26

Protostome

Answer 26

Organisms forms from the mouth

Question 27

Deuetrostome

Answer 27

Organism that forms from the anus

Question 28

Segmentation

Answer 28

Division into separate parts or sections

Question 29

Polymorphism

Answer 29

occurrence of different forms among the members of a population/ colony, or in life cycles of an individual organisms

Question 30

Metamorphisis

Answer 30

Change in structure/ form of a thing/ person into a completely different one (i.e. frog from tadpole)