PHYLUM CNIDARIA Flashcards
_____ are an ancient phylum of _____ “true animals”
Cnidarians
Eumetazoans
Cnidaria with the greek word ____ which means nettle and ____ like/connected with
knide
aria
List of cnidarians (5)
Sea jellies
Coral colonies
Sea anemones
Sea pens
Sea fans
Cnidarian characteristics:
Body type: _____
Body organization_____ (germ layers): _____
Jelly like layer that is not a tissue layer but in between _____
Radial symmetry
Diploblastic
Endoderm
Ectoderm
Mesoglea
Basic body plan:
The basic body plan of a cnidarian is a sac with a central digestive compartment, the _____
gastrovascular cavity
Cnidarian characteristics:
Digestion begins in the _____ and is completed inside ____ in the ____ cells
Gastrovascular cavity
food vacuoles
gastrodermal
Cnidarian characteristics:
Body cavity: _____
Digestive system:
_____
Body cavity:
Acoelom
Digestive system:
mouth
Gastrovascular cavity
Basic body plans:
______ are cylindrical forms that adhere to the ___ end of their body (opposite to the mouth)
Example: ____ and ____
______ resembles a flattened, mouth-down version of the prior. It moves freely in the water through passive drifting and contractions.
Polyps
Aboral end
Examples: Hydras and Sea anemones
Medusa
Types of reproduction for cnidarians: (3)
Sexual
Asexual (Budding & Regeneration)
The life Cycle of the hydrozoan _____
(Turns from polyp to hydra) (6)
Obelia
Asexual reproduction (Budding)
Reproductive polyp
Sexual Reproduction
Sperm
Planula (larva)
Developing polyp
Cnidarian characteristics:
Cnidarians have no organs or organ systems (gas/waste exchange is done by ______)
Cnidarians have a rudimentary nervous system (decentralized) called a ____ that encircles its body to coordinate nerves & muscles
diffusion
Nerve net
Cnidarians are carnivores:
______ defense against predators & capture of preys. Also has a stinging capsule called ____, triggered by touch or certain chemicals
______ called nematocytes are stinging capsules
Cnidocytes
Nematocyst
Cnidae
Movement and coordination:
Contractile tissues and nerves occur in the simplest forms in cnidarians. Cells of the _____ (outer layer) and ____(inner layer) have bundles of _____ arranged into contractile fibers
The gastrovascular cavity acts as a ____ against which the contractile cells can work.
Epidermis (outer layer)
Gastrodermis (inner layer)
hydrostatic skeleton
Movement and coordination:
Movements are coordinated by a _____.
Cnidarians have no brain, however this allows the animal to detect and respond to stimuli from all directions.
Nerve net
Cnidaria consist of over 10, 000 species:
Cnidaria (4)
Cubozoa
Scyphozoa
Anthozoa
Hydrozoa
Cnidaria consist of over 10, 000 species:
Cubozoa (1)
Scyphozoa (2)
Anthozoa (2)
Hydrozoa (2)
Cubozoa:
Box jelly
Scyphozoa:
Moon Jelly
Purple Jelly
Anthozoa:
Anemone
Coral
Hydrozoa:
Hydra
Portuguese man of war
The Four important cnidarian classes:
Class ____
-Polyps with a flowerlike appearance
-No medusa stage
-All marine
Examples (4):
Class Anthozoa
Sea anemones
Corals
Sea fans
Sea whips
The Four important cnidarian classes:
Class _____
-Dominant stage is the medusa
-Polyp is absent or reduced
-Cup-shaped umbrellas
-Includes true jellyfish
The largest of the species is: _____ which is 2m
Other jellyfish species:_____
Class Scyphozoa
Cyanea capillata
Aurelia labiata
c
-mostly marine
-alteration of generations (polyp and medusa)
- Most form colonies
All other cnidaraian have gonads derived from ____, while this class have gonads derived from _____
Examples: ____, ____, and _____
Class Hydrozoa
Gastrodermal tissue
Epidermal tissue
Hydroids, Fire corals, Portugese man-of-war
Hydrozoan | Hydra:
Faovrable conditions:
Harsh conditions:
Portuguese Man O’ War _____
By-the-wind Sailor _____
Favorable: asexually by budding
Harsh: sexually forming resistant zygote
Physalia
Velella
The Four important cnidarian classes:
Class ____
- Have a box-shaped medusa and well-developed eyes, allowing them to detect light and navigate their environment
Examples (1)
Class Cubozoans
Box Jellyfish
Cubozoa | Box Jellyfish
Scientific name: ____
Species can achieve sizes of 15-25 cm
Cubozoans have muscu;ar pads called ____ at the corners of the square bell canopy, with one or more tentacles attached
They exist in a ____ form that develops from larva
Chironex fleckeri
Pedalia
Polyps
Cubozoa:
Australian box jellyfish ____
Pale Atlantic box jellyfish ____
Chironex fleckeri
Carybdea alata
What produces poison more potent than cobra venom?
Sea wasp
