Phylogeny Review/Vertebrate Overview Flashcards
1
Q
Root
A
Base of tree
2
Q
Node
A
Divergence of traits
3
Q
Basal
A
nearer to root
4
Q
Derived
A
nearer to tips
5
Q
Synapomorphy
A
Trait shared by all members of a branch
6
Q
Homology
A
Similar traits from same evolutionary origin
7
Q
Analogy
A
Different branches with similar trait that was independently evolved
8
Q
4 synapomorphies of chordates
A
1) Neural tube
2) Notochord
3) Endostyle
4) Postanal tail
9
Q
Chordate-inherited vertebrate characteristics
A
1) Spinal cord
2) Notochord
3) Thyroid
4) Postanal tail
10
Q
Other known characteristics of vertebrates
A
1) Cranium
2) Vertebrae
3) Gill arch with gills
4) Pharynx (muscularized)
5) Multi-chambered heart (true heart)
6) Gut (muscularized)
- Head has more complex brain and sense organs
- Often bigger and more active
- Mineralized tissues
