PHRMA NEUROLOGICAL Flashcards
WHIC INTERVENTION SHOULD NURSE USE FOR MANNITOL ADMINISTRATION
The nurse must use a filter needle when administering the osmotic diuretic mannitol (Osmitrol) because crystals may form in the solution and syringe and be
inadvertently injected into the client if a filter needle is not used
INCREASED INTRACRANICAL PRESSURE IS RECEVING MANNANITOL WHICH DATA CAUSE TO HOLD THE MEDICATION
The normal serum osmolality is 275 to 300 mOsm/kg. The osmotic diuretic mannitol (Osmitrol) is held in the serum osmolality exceeds 310 to 320 mOsm/kg
DISCHARGE EDUCATION WITH CONCUSSION
- Please remember the following information regarding traumatic brain injuries and alcohol consumption:
Many brain functions can be significantly worsened by alcohol, so the client should not drink alcoholic beverages until allowed by the healthcare provider (HCP). - Acetaminophen (Tylenol), a non-narcotic analgesic, can be taken for a headache in a patient who has sustained a concussion.
- If acetaminophen (Tylenol) does not relieve the client’s headache, the client should notify the HCP because this may indicate a worsening condition, such as increased intracranial pressure.
QUESTION B4 ADMINISTRATION OF MANNITOL
Cor pulmonale is a right-sided heart failure, often secondary to COPD. Because mannitol pulls fluid off the brain, it may lead to a circulatory overload, which the heart with right-sided failure could not handle. This client would need an order for a loop diuretic to prevent severe cardiac complications.
CONTRAST DYE
The contrast dye used in a CT scan is iodine-based, and an allergy to shellfish suggests an allergy to iodine
would warrant the nurse notifying the HCP
Metformin (Glucophage), a biguanide medication used for the control of diabetes, must not be taken because the kidneys
remove metformin; contrast medium can significantly increase the level of metformin in
the blood because damaged kidneys are not as effective at eliminating metformin from the body.
DIGOXIN
1 The normal digoxin level is 0.8 to 2.0mg/dL.
2 A digoxin level of 2.4 mg/dL
would warrant the nurse questioning the administration of this medication.
3 The trade name for digoxin is Lanoxin
4, the classification is a cardiac glycoside.
CLIENT WITH HEAD INJURY, WHICH DRUD SHOULD THE NURSE QUESTION?
Administering narcotics (MORPHINE) to clients
with head injuries may mask signs of increased intracranial pressure, so the nurse questioning would
be appropriate.
Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids
are 20% more likely to die within 2
weeks after the head injury than those who aren’t so treated. The nurse should question this medication.
ICP INCREASED IS RECEIVING MANNITOL. WHAT EVALUATES THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE MEDICATION?
Mannitol (Osmitrol), an osmotic
A diuretic is administered to decrease intracranial pressure.
Changes in intracranial pressure affect neurological status; therefore, the client’s neurological status should be evaluated to determine the effectiveness of the medication.
SEIZURES
SEIZURES
PHENYTION SIDE EFFECT
Gingival hyperplasia
(overgrowth of gums)
SEIZURE DISORDERS WITH VALPORATE
Hepatotoxicity is one of the possible
adverse reactions to Valproate (Depakote), an anticonvulsant; therefore, the liver enzymes should be monitored.
PHENYTOIN(DILANTIN) LEVEL
The therapeutic serum level of an anticonvulsant is 10 to 20 mg/mL.
IV DIAZEPAM
The nurse should administer the
diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine,
undiluted through the saline lock.
CVA
CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT
EXTHOSUXIMIDE
The therapeutic serum level of ethosuximide (Zarontin), an anticonvulsant, is 40
to 100 μg/μL
