Photosynthisis (Ch. 9) Flashcards
Vocab
ATP
The main energy source that cells use for most of their work, it is literally a molecular battery (Adenosine triphosphate)
ADP
An ATP molecule that has lost its third phosphate group and is ready to be recharged by the ATP synthase enzyme (Adenosine diphosphate)
Photosynthesis
A process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high - energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches.
Synthiesis
To make or produce
Chlorophyll
A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria that has the ability to capture light energy.
thylakoids
A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast used to convert light energy to chemical energy - site of the light dependent reaction
stroma
The fluid portion of the chloroplast outside of the thylakoids - site of the light - independent reaction
electron carrier
A compound that can accept a pair of high - energy electrons and transfer them to another molecule
NADP+
The electron carrier used in photosynthesis when it is NOT carrying hydrogen and high energy electrons
NADPH
The electron carrier used in photosynthisnes when it IS carrying hydrogen and high energy electrons
Light dependent Reaction
This phase of photosynthesis occurs in the thylakoids and strips away hydrogen from water that will be used to make carbohydrates. Where breathable oxygen is created
Light Independent Reaction
This phase of photosynthisis occurs in the stroma and combines hydrogen and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates (sometimes called the Calvin Cycle)
Photosystems
Light collecting proteins found int the thylakoids
Electron transport chain
A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane protiens) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP
ATP synthase
Large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP
Sugar (not meaning)
Another word for carbohydrates
Autotroph
Any organisms that can make their own carbohydrates
Heterotroph
Any organisms that has to consume carbohydrates because they can not make their own
Rubisco
The abbreviation for the enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase that is used in the light Independent Reaction (attaches to carbon dioxide so that it can be used to build carbs)
