CH8 Cell Structure and Function Flashcards
Vocabulary
Cell
The basic unit of life
Cell theroy
The fundamental concept of Bio stating that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of living things, and cells come from other cells
nuclues
Organelle that functions as the storage container of genetic code
eukaryote
the most complex type of cell that has defined organelles with specific functions, such as the nucleus
Prokaryote
The most basic type of cell that has no defined organelles
organelle
A structure within a eukaryotic cell that has a specific function and purpose
ribsome
Organelle that translates DNA code and turns it into a specific protein
mitochondria
Organelle that produces compounds that a cell can use for energy.
chloroplast
Organelle that captures energy from sunlight and turns it into chemical energy through a process called photosynthesis.
cell membrane
A thin, flexible layer on the outside of a cell that selectively allows some things to enter/exit the cell.
osmosis
The diffusion of water through a cell membrane.
isotonic
A solution that has an equal number of molecules on either side of a cell membrane, allowing for the molecules to move in and out of a cell.
hypertonic
A solution that has a greater amount of molecules on one side of a cell membrane, allowing for water to move across the membrane in the direction of the higher concentration of molecules.
hypotonic
A solution that has a lesser amount of molecules on one side of a cell membrane, allowing for water to move across the membrane in the direction of the higher concentration of molecules.
facilitated diffusion
A form of passive transport where molecules move through protein channels in the cell membrane.
